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Soybean cultivation, the third leading cause of tropical deforestation, can now be monitored with greater precision. Photo: Pixabay Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication licensePixabay Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication license

Tracking soybean to stop deforestation with chemistry and AI

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An innovative method combines chemical fingerprinting and machine learning to pinpoint the origin of soybeans with unprecedented accuracy. A practical tool to support the enforcement of stricter traceability rules
Orchids can provide clues about the overall health of global ecosystems and pollination in particular. Photo: Ian Capper Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic CC BY-SA 2.0 LicenseIan Capper Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic CC BY-SA 2.0 License

Pollination in Australia more than halved in 50 years according to orchids

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Thanks to their limited “flexibility,” orchids are early indicators of the crisis affecting insects. Since the 1970s, an analysis by the University of Canberra reveals, pollination in Australia has declined by 60%
At least one fifth of the 8,500 animal species linked to the soil, including fungi and invertebrates, would today be at risk of extinction. CC0 Public Domain Free for personal and commercial use. Image: pxhere No attribution requiredpxhere CC0 Public Domain Free for personal and commercial use No attribution required

One in five soil-dependent species is at risk of extinction

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A new study by Conservation International and IUCN reveals that over 20% of soil-related species could disappear. And the current lack of data suggests an even more problematic picture for biodiversity
The study, conducted in the forests of Yunnan Province, demonstrated how altitude-driven environmental changes shape the genetic potential for phosphorus mineralization in the soil. At the same time, soil pH acts as a constant filter, limiting the microbial community capable of performing this vital function across different landscapes. Photo: Rod Waddington Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic CC BY-SA 2.0 DeedRod Waddington Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic CC BY-SA 2.0 Deed

Elevation, pH, and calcium are key factors in the phosphorus cycle

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A Chinese study has identified the key factors influencing the distribution of available phosphorus in tropical and subtropical forests, by modelling the genetic potential for phosphorus mineralization in soil
Brazil's wetlands cover an area of 167,000 km² and have a carbon density per hectare six times higher than forests. Photo: Thpelin Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported CC BY-SA 3.0 DeedThpelin Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported CC BY-SA 3.0 Deed

Beyond the Amazon: a forgotten carbon reserve in Brazil’s wetlands

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In the Brazilian savanna, wetlands store enormous amounts of carbon, but they are threatened by climate change and agricultural expansion. Moreover, conservation policies, which focus almost exclusively on forests, tend to ignore them
Il riscaldamento globale non cambia solo il paesaggio visibile ma altera profondamente le relazioni invisibili tra piante e funghi nel suolo. Foto: Pexels Free to use

Climate change is disrupting the symbiotic relationship between plants and soil fungi

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A thirty-year experiment in the US shows how rising temperatures are transforming ecosystems internally: the abundance of fungi that are useful to plants is declining, while decomposers are increasing. As a result, soil ecological stability is being disrupted
Mangrove swamp in Bahia. These plants cover 1.4 million hectares in Brazil, making it the second-largest mangrove area in the world after Indonesia. Photo: Jonathan Wilkins Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported CC BY-SA 3.0 DeedJonathan Wilkins Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported CC BY-SA 3.0 Deed

A new index measures soil health in mangrove forests

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Brazilian researchers have developed an indicator to measure the ability of mangroves to provide ecosystem services, ranging from biodiversity conservation to carbon sequestration. The greater the soil degradation, the lower the score
In Kerala, in southern India, natural forests store an average of 16.61 grams of carbon per kilogram of soil, compared to 11.82 grams in teak plantations. Photo: Parambikulam Tiger Conservation Foundation Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International CC BY-SA 4.0 DeedPhoto: Parambikulam Tiger Conservation Foundation Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International CC BY-SA 4.0 Deed

Natural forests beat artificial regeneration in carbon sequestration

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In intact forests, soil carbon levels are significantly higher than in areas being restored by tree planting, where higher soil acidity reduces sequestration capacity
According to researchers, trees, forest soils, and dead wood in Germany store a total of 2.2 billion tons of carbon. Photo: © Thünen Institute/Marius Möller press releaseThünen Institute/Marius Möller press release

Forest soil in Germany has offset carbon losses from trees during drought

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The discovery comes from the Thünen Institute: between 2018 and 2020, German forest soil stored more carbon than expected, almost entirely offsetting the losses associated with plant mortality
In Southeast Asia, deforestation and land conversion have released more carbon and greenhouse gases than any other activity over the past two decades. Photo: Pok Rie Pexels free to usePok Rie Pexels free to use

Deforestation has made Southeast Asia a net source of carbon

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In the first two decades of the century, according to a Japanese study, the forests in the area released more carbon than they stored. Fires, peatland degradation, and fossil fuels are making things worse

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