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The Observatory launched by FAO aims to measure, monitor, and protect soil biodiversity on a global scale. Photo: Pixabay, published prior to July 2017 under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication licensePixabay, published prior to July 2017 under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication license

FAO Launches the Global Soil Biodiversity Observatory

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The UN agency unveils new project to expand monitoring capacity and provide a scientific foundation for biodiversity protection and sustainable soil use
Understanding how rice maintains productivity with the support of the microbiome under conditions of nutritional deficiency can help develop new strategies in precision agriculture. Photo: IRRI Photos Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 DeedPhoto: IRRI Photos Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Deed

Root bacteria help reduce the environmental impact of rice cultivation

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A Japanese study has identified some bacteria in rice roots that are responsible for nitrogen fixation and can spread in soil without fertilizers or pesticides. This helps the plant adapt and grow
Scientists have not yet fully understood how roots develop in the soil depth. Image: Konstantinos Kourtidis Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 DeedKonstantinos Kourtidis Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 Deed

Plant roots could store more carbon than previously expected at greater depths

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An American study reveals the existence of a second layer of roots developed by several plant species—often overlooked—that enables additional carbon sequestration
The impact and frequency of extreme heat will increase in Southeast Asia, South America, and equatorial Africa. Photo: Nina R, Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0 Deed)Nina R, Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0 Deed)

Extreme heat waves are becoming longer and more frequent

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A study on abnormal heat phenomena, involving researchers from the United States and Chile, reveals an acceleration of the trend on a global scale. Tropical regions are the most affected
il Parco Nazionale di Doñana National Park in Spagna è una delle aree più colpite dagli effetti della siccità. FOTO: Ministero spagnolo per la Transizione ecologica e la Demografia (MITECO), 2022.

Drought, the Mediterranean in the hotspot in the world is small

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Un nuovo rapporto dell'UNCCD ha individuato gli impatti, ambientali, sociali ed economici della siccità nelle zone più colpite nel biennio 2023-2024. Tra loro, Spagna, Marocco e Turchia. "Una catastrofe globale che si estende su milioni di km quadrati e colpisce milioni di persone"
Drought impacts vegetation growth and rivers in Europe. Photo: Torsten Sachs (distributed via imaggeo.egu.eu) Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported CC BY-ND 3.0 DeedTorsten Sachs (distributed via imaggeo.egu.eu) Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported CC BY-ND 3.0 Deed

Drought is once again a major threat to European agriculture

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Agricultural drought is affecting northwestern Europe, the Baltic and some eastern and southern regions of the Continent. In contrast, following heavy rains higher yields are expected in Italy, Greece and the Iberian Peninsula
A deciduous forest in Western Europe. According to the EU Environment Agency, from land use, land use change and forestry, the continent saves nearly 200 million tonnes of carbon each year. Photo: sharloch Attribution - Noncommercial - No Derivative Works 2.0 Generic CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Deedsharloch Attribution - Noncommercial - No Derivative Works 2.0 Generic CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Deed

Europe’s soil carbon sink declines (but the trend can be reversed)

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According to the EU Environment Agency, from land use, land use change and forestry, Europe saves almost 200 million tonnes of carbon each year. Compared to 330 recorded on average between 1991 and 2013
Peat soils in Ireland are more widespread than previously thought as they cover 30% of the land area compared with previously estimated 24%. Photo: SoilScience.info Attribution 2.0 Generic CC BY 2.0 DeedSoilScience.info Attribution 2.0 Generic CC BY 2.0 Deed

Ireland has mapped its peat soils (through AI and gamma rays)

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By combining AI machine learning with radiometric data, researchers at the University of Galway managed to identify not previously detected peat soils
Grasslands are home to a wide variety of plant species and provide numerous ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, support for pollinators and grazing for livestock. But they are also some of thh most threatened ecosystems due to human activities, including land use change and intensive agricultural practices. Photo: Cortez Rohr/USFWS Public Domain Mark 1.0 Universal PDM 1.0 DeedCortez Rohr/USFWS Public Domain Mark 1.0 Universal PDM 1.0 Deed

Study reveals how much nitrogen grasslands can tolerate

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According to researchers, applying more than 80 kg of nitrogen per hectare in a year would make grasslands “functionally poor, highly unstable and vulnerable to extreme weather events”
According to the authors, more than 50 percent of mangrove forests undergo significant changes due to El Niño and La Niña phenomena. Photo: Katia Schulz Attribution 2.0 Generic CC BY 2.0 DeedPhoto: Katia Schulz Attribution 2.0 Generic CC BY 2.0 Deed

Climate oscillations are a constant threat to mangroves

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A study shows for the first time how temperature changes in the Pacific Ocean impact mangroves as they follow a specific pattern. In degraded areas, their ecosystem services are at risk