{"id":6186,"date":"2021-04-30T11:00:07","date_gmt":"2021-04-30T09:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=6186"},"modified":"2021-04-30T16:39:10","modified_gmt":"2021-04-30T14:39:10","slug":"edna-soil-secret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/edna-soil-secret\/","title":{"rendered":"eDNA discloses the secrets of soil and helps us to protect it"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>More useful than conventional techniques, eDNA helps scientists to better understand how the soil ecosystem works and to validate restoration practices<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tracking soil life after restoration, studying land ecosystem, and exploring a new kind of research. Thats&#8217;s the list of the main opportunities offered by environmental DNA (<strong>eDNA<\/strong>), a genetic tool that is gaining increasing attention from scientists. The issue has recently been discussed at the <strong>FAO<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/ambiente\/simposio-biodiversita-suoli\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Global Symposium on Soil Biodiversity<\/a>. Unlike traditional approaches, which focus on chemical and physical issues, eDNA enables more extensive investigations, said <strong>Eva<\/strong> <strong>Bellemain<\/strong>, president and founder of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.argaly.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Argaly<\/a>, a French company focused on genetic analysis of biodiversity. This wide potential, moreover, appeared clear from the very beginning.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"d3ABUyV4hM\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/martina-fao-agriculture-soil\/\">Martina (FAO): &#8220;Produce better, consuming less. Agriculture must change model&#8221;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Martina (FAO): &#8220;Produce better, consuming less. Agriculture must change model&#8221;&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/martina-fao-agriculture-soil\/embed\/#?secret=d3ABUyV4hM\" data-secret=\"d3ABUyV4hM\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>From microbiology to ecosystem studies<\/h5>\n<p>As scientist Philip Francis Thomsen and Eske Willerslev of the Centre for GeoGenetics at the University of Copenhagen <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0006320714004443\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explained<\/a>, eDNA, can be defined as &#8220;<strong>genetic material<\/strong> obtained directly from environmental samples (soil, sediment, water, etc.) without any obvious signs of biological source material. When supported by &#8220;sensitive, cost-efficient and ever-advancing <strong>DNA sequencing technology<\/strong>, it may be an appropriate candidate for the challenge of <strong>biodiversity<\/strong> monitoring&#8221;. Originally studied in microbiology, eDNA has also been analyzed in sediments, &#8220;revealing DNA from extinct and extant animals and plants including ancient ones.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"bNEfW3180J\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/healthy-soil-official-definition\/\">What is healthy soil? FAO coins the official definition<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;What is healthy soil? FAO coins the official definition&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/healthy-soil-official-definition\/embed\/#?secret=bNEfW3180J\" data-secret=\"bNEfW3180J\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A faster and more effective method<\/h5>\n<p>The benefits of eDNA analysis over traditional methods <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/223968483_New_environmental_metabarcodes_for_analysing_soil_DNA_Potential_for_studying_past_and_present_ecosystems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are clear<\/a>. The analysis of eDNA, said <strong>Luigimaria Borruso<\/strong>, researcher at the Free University of Bolzano, enables to detect different species of microorganisms. This tecnique also works <strong>in widely different environmental conditions<\/strong> and represents a non-invasive low disturbing method for the <strong>ecosystem<\/strong>. Moreover, the investigation is faster and allows to identify even rarest species. The collection of samples and the subsequent extraction of genetic material in the labs is the first step for more in-depth evaluations. In contrast, &#8220;it would be hard to highlight the full potential of the soil using traditional physical-chemical and biological indicators,&#8221; Bellemain says.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6135\" style=\"width: 585px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6135\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6136\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/vantaggi-EDNA.jpg\" alt=\"L'applicazione dell'eDNA offre molti vantaggi rispetto alle tecniche tradizionali. Immagine: dalla presentazione di Luigimaria Borruso, Free University of Bozen\/Bolzano, FAO Global Symposium on Soil Biodiversity, aprile 2021 \" width=\"575\" height=\"429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/vantaggi-EDNA.jpg 575w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/vantaggi-EDNA-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6135\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The application of eDNA offers many benefits over traditional techniques. Image: from the presentation by Luigimaria Borruso, Free University of Bozen\/Bolzano, FAO Global Symposium on Soil Biodiversity, April 2021<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>eDNA certifies land restoration<\/h5>\n<p>Soil restoration assessment is one of the most significant applications. In France, where the rehabilitation of degraded land costs almost \u20ac500 million a year, Bellemain says, the genetic analysis of soil samples, &#8220;as a standardized and inexpensive tool that can be uses in all weather conditions,&#8221; makes it possible to measure <strong>the efficacy of the operations<\/strong>. At least a couple of studies conducted in the country have reportedly highlighted the tool&#8217;s validity. eDNA, in particular, might solve the notorius problem of <strong>the lack of shared protocols<\/strong> to certify the soil restoration in terms of vital functions and biodiversity. But the list of applications is longer.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"GfWToi5bwT\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/food-safety-the-solution-lies-in-soil-microbes\/\">Food safety: the solution lies in soil microbes<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Food safety: the solution lies in soil microbes&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/food-safety-the-solution-lies-in-soil-microbes\/embed\/#?secret=GfWToi5bwT\" data-secret=\"GfWToi5bwT\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Biodiversity analysis is the new frontier<\/h5>\n<p>Biodiversity, especially at the microbiome level, <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/food-safety-the-solution-lies-in-soil-microbes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">notoriously affects soil productivity<\/a>. &#8220;But biodiversity also depends on the different <strong>interactions between microorganisms<\/strong>,&#8221; Borruso explains . That&#8217;s why the eDNA analyse make it possible to identify key players such as fungi, bacteria and many more. &#8220;We can identify a correlation between different kind of microbes and different soil elements,&#8221; he adds. In other words, genetic analysis is not meant just as a tool to build a soil map but also as an instrument to investigate still unknown factors that can influence soil <strong>productivity<\/strong>. With clear and enormous implications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>eDNA enables scientists to extend their analyses of soil and ecosystems beyond the limits of traditional indicators<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6197,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,134],"tags":[200,202,247,188,186],"class_list":["post-6186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-innovation-technology","category-articles","tag-biodiversity","tag-fao-en","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-research","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>eDNA discloses the secrets of soil and helps us to protect it<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"eDNA enables scientists to extend their analyses of soil and ecosystems beyond the limits of traditional indicators\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/edna-soil-secret\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"eDNA discloses the secrets of soil and helps us to protect it\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"eDNA enables scientists to extend their analyses of soil and ecosystems beyond the limits of traditional indicators\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/edna-soil-secret\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Re Soil Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-30T09:00:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-30T14:39:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/edna-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"799\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"533\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/edna-soil-secret\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/edna-soil-secret\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"headline\":\"eDNA discloses the secrets of soil and helps us to protect it\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-30T09:00:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-30T14:39:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/edna-soil-secret\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":600,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/edna-soil-secret\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/edna-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"biodiversity\",\"FAO\",\"monitoraggio\",\"research\",\"soil\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Innovation &amp; 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