{"id":5407,"date":"2021-04-01T11:00:17","date_gmt":"2021-04-01T09:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/sos-fosforo-agricoltura\/"},"modified":"2021-04-05T17:54:38","modified_gmt":"2021-04-05T15:54:38","slug":"sos-phosphorus-agriculture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\/","title":{"rendered":"Goodbye phosphorus: how soil degradation is taking a key element away from agriculture"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Basel University: land erosion is responsible for more than 50% of phosphorus losses in agriculture. Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe are at the epicenter of the crisis. And the future is still uncertain<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Agriculture is at risk of steadily losing an essential element such as <strong>phosphorus<\/strong> due to increasing <strong>soil erosion<\/strong> according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unibas.ch\/en\/News-Events\/News\/Uni-Research\/Worldwide-loss-of-phosphorus-due-to-soil-erosion-quantified-for-the-first-time0.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a study<\/a> promoted by the <strong>University of Basel<\/strong>. The study, which involved an international research team and was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-020-18326-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently published<\/a> in the <strong><em>Nature Communications<\/em><\/strong> magazine, has managed to quantify the mechanism for the first time thus showing its connection with <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/healthy-soil-official-definition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soil health<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"59h2el1fk1\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/healthy-soil-official-definition\/\">What is healthy soil? FAO coins the official definition<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;What is healthy soil? FAO coins the official definition&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/healthy-soil-official-definition\/embed\/#?secret=59h2el1fk1\" data-secret=\"59h2el1fk1\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Unhealthy soil is number one responsible for phosphorus loss<\/h5>\n<p>By comparing global data on phosphorus content in soils with data on erosion rates, the researchers found that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-020-18326-7\/tables\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 50 percent of the global loss<\/a> of this element in <strong>agriculture<\/strong> can be attributed to soil degradation. \u201cThat erosion plays a role was already known. The extent of that role has never before been quantified with this level of spatial resolution,\u201d said research coordinator <strong>Christine Alewell<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The process is quite simple. &#8220;Erosion flushes mineral <strong>bound phosphorus out of agricultural soils into wetlands and water bodies<\/strong>, where the excess of nutrients (called eutrophication) harms the aquatic plant and animal communities.&#8221; That&#8217;s why &#8220;the elevated phosphorus content in waters mirrors the calculated loss of phosphorus in the soil in the respective region.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_5357\" style=\"width: 745px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5357\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5358\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/perdita-fosforo-nel-mondo.jpg\" alt=\"La diffusione del fenomeno in termini di fosforo perso per estensione territoriale (Kg per ettaro su base annuale). Immagine: Alewell, C., Ringeval, B., Ballabio, C. et al. \u201cGlobal phosphorus shortage will be aggravated by soil erosion\u201d. Nat Commun 11, 4546 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-18326-7, 11 settembre 2020, Open Access\" width=\"735\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/perdita-fosforo-nel-mondo.jpg 735w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/perdita-fosforo-nel-mondo-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/perdita-fosforo-nel-mondo-705x429.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-5357\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The phosphorus lost in the world (Kg per hectare on an annual basis). Image: Alewell, C., Ringeval, B., Ballabio, C. et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-18326-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cGlobal phosphorus shortage will be aggravated by soil erosion\u201d<\/a>, Nat Commun 11, 4546, 11 settembre 2020, Open Access<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>Africa and Latin America are at greater risk<\/h5>\n<p>Phosphorus depletion differs by regions. The limited use of chemical fertilizers &#8211; not to mention<a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/agricolture-fao-fertilizers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> some well-known controversies<\/a>, penalizes <strong>Africa<\/strong> because of their high cost. <strong>Latin America<\/strong> is affected by inefficient management of organic phosphorus while <strong>Eastern Europe<\/strong> experiences both problems. The catch, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unibas.ch\/en\/News-Events\/News\/Uni-Research\/Worldwide-loss-of-phosphorus-due-to-soil-erosion-quantified-for-the-first-time0.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">researchers say<\/a>, is that the substance, which is essential for global food production, is not unlimited and is tied to geological reserves. &#8220;How soon these reserves might be exhausted is the subject of scholarly debate. Just as controversial is the question which states own the remaining reserves and the political dependencies this creates.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h5>Unsustainable costs<\/h5>\n<p>Some countries may develop different solutions using organic fertilizers, for example. Other nations, however, seem to have limited options. \u201cIt\u2019s paradoxical, especially as Africa possesses the largest geological phosphorus deposits,\u201d says Alewell. \u201cBut the mined phosphorus is exported and <strong>costs many times more for most farmers in African countries<\/strong> than, for example, European farmers.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"5obWBm9L86\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/agricolture-fao-fertilizers\/\">UNEP urges a new fertilizers policy for a sustainable agriculture<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;UNEP urges a new fertilizers policy for a sustainable agriculture&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/agricolture-fao-fertilizers\/embed\/#?secret=5obWBm9L86\" data-secret=\"5obWBm9L86\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The future is unwritten<\/h5>\n<p>It&#8217;s hard to imagine when the phosphorus will run out for agriculture. <strong>China, Russia and the U.S.<\/strong>, &#8220;are increasingly expanding their influence&#8221; in <strong>Western Sahara <\/strong>and <strong>Morocco<\/strong>, where the newly discovered deposits are located. In the future, &#8220;they might also control this important resource for global future food production&#8221;. Europe is totally dependent on imports. But one thing is clear, authors say. &#8220;A <strong>drastic reduction in soil erosion<\/strong> is a major and important step in the right direction. Land managers can reduce erosion by ensuring ground cover for as long as possible; for example, through mulching, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Green_manure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">green manure<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intercropping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intercropping<\/a>, and through topography-adapted cultivation \u2013 tilling fields transversely to the slope or terracing.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Swiss study: soil degradation accounts for 50% of agricultural phosphorus losses. With huge damage to crops. Global alert and uncertain future at the horizon<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,134],"tags":[190,224,237,188,186],"class_list":["post-5407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agricultural-industry","category-articles","tag-agriculture","tag-erosion","tag-organic-matter","tag-research","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Agriculture, erosion causes half of soil phosphorus loss<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Swiss study: soil degradation accounts for 50% of agricultural phosphorus losses. 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With huge damage to crops.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Re Soil Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-01T09:00:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-05T15:54:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/henry-be-JR8XZ-gdZrA-unsplash.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1201\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"814\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"headline\":\"Goodbye phosphorus: how soil degradation is taking a key element away from agriculture\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-01T09:00:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-05T15:54:38+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":575,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/henry-be-JR8XZ-gdZrA-unsplash.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"agriculture\",\"erosion\",\"organic matter\",\"research\",\"soil\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Agricultural Industry\",\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/\",\"name\":\"Agriculture, erosion causes half of soil phosphorus loss\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/sos-phosphorus-agriculture\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/henry-be-JR8XZ-gdZrA-unsplash.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-01T09:00:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-05T15:54:38+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"description\":\"Swiss study: soil degradation accounts for 50% of agricultural phosphorus losses. 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