{"id":43988,"date":"2026-08-10T11:00:41","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T09:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=43988"},"modified":"2026-07-22T18:37:17","modified_gmt":"2026-07-22T16:37:17","slug":"drought-biodiversity-grasslands-forests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/drought-biodiversity-grasslands-forests\/","title":{"rendered":"Extreme drought: biodiversity helps grasslands, but not forests"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>An international study finds that high biodiversity levels can reduce productivity losses in the driest grasslands during extreme drought events. However, the same pattern is not found in forested areas<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>Biodiversity is one of nature\u2019s most important tools for <strong>climate change adaptation<\/strong>, but its effectiveness varies across ecosystems. In the driest grasslands, in fact, the presence of a diverse range of plant species significantly reduces productivity losses during extreme drought events, while this effect does not emerge with the same clarity in forests. This is the main conclusion of an international study led by <strong>Yokohama National University<\/strong> and the <strong>German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research<\/strong> (iDiv).<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-026-03130-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a>, published in the journal <em>Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution<\/em>, provides new insights by showing where efforts to conserve plant diversity can make the greatest contribution, helping ecosystems respond more effectively to the consequences of rising temperatures.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"FRxdDQnzUj\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/climate-change-trees-boreal-forests\/\">More trees in urban boreal forests are getting killed by climate change<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cMore trees in urban boreal forests are getting killed by climate change\u201d \u2014 Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/climate-change-trees-boreal-forests\/embed\/#?secret=hKs1GlTq5Q#?secret=FRxdDQnzUj\" data-secret=\"FRxdDQnzUj\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The benefits of biodiversity vary across ecosystems<\/h5>\n<p>Scientists have long known that <strong>species-rich ecosystems<\/strong> tend to be more productive and stable. However, one crucial question has remained unanswered: does biodiversity continue to play this role when ecosystems are exposed to extreme climatic events? And does its effect remain the same across different environments? Answering both questions has so far proved difficult.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cA key barrier to resolving how biodiversity\u2013productivity relationships shift across environmental contexts during climate extremes is the <strong>restricted geographic and temporal scope<\/strong> of most experiments and observational datasets\u201d, researchers note.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>To overcome this limitation, the authors brought together data from dozens of experiments conducted across very different climatic contexts, with the aim of identifying, through a meta-analysis, the environmental conditions under which biodiversity makes the greatest contribution to ecosystem resilience. \u201cOur ultimate goal is to move away from a broad ecological insight to a <strong>practical basis<\/strong> for climate adaptation\u201d, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idiv.de\/biodiversity-does-not-enhance-productivity-equally-across-all-ecosystems-under-climate-extremes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explained<\/a> <strong>Takehiro Sasaki<\/strong>, ricercatore della Yokohama National University e principale autore dello studio.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"EMXn7cUdJ7\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/drought-threatening-agriculture-europe\/\">Drought is once again a major threat to European agriculture<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cDrought is once again a major threat to European agriculture\u201d \u2014 Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/drought-threatening-agriculture-europe\/embed\/#?secret=7ghYczi9Y1#?secret=EMXn7cUdJ7\" data-secret=\"EMXn7cUdJ7\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Grasslands respond better to extreme heat<\/h5>\n<p>By analysing data from 75 long-term experiments conducted in grasslands and forests across different regions of the world, and by combining ecological observations with historical climate data series and information on aridity and soil characteristics, the authors made several important discoveries. First, they found that \u201cbiodiversity most strongly enhanced productivity <strong>in more arid grasslands<\/strong> during extreme drought\u201d. In forests, by contrast, these effects \u201cwere not clearly modulated by site-level environmental context\u201d.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>In grasslands exposed to climate-related impacts, the study explains, different species are able to <strong>use resources in complementary ways<\/strong> or support one another, maintaining higher ecosystem productivity despite water scarcity.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In less arid grasslands, on the other hand, productivity during drought depends mainly on a few particularly high-performing species. As for <strong>forests<\/strong>, as mentioned above, this pattern did not emerge, although caution is needed. Available forest experiments, in fact, are fewer and cover shorter time spans. While the effects of biodiversity on trees may require many years to become evident. Finally, the study shows that neither heat waves nor <strong>soil nutrient availability<\/strong> significantly alter the benefits provided by species diversity.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"tubSnsz7as\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/wetlands-biodiversity-nitrogen-removal\/\">Plant biodiversity promotes nitrogen removal in wetlands<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cPlant biodiversity promotes nitrogen removal in wetlands\u201d \u2014 Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/wetlands-biodiversity-nitrogen-removal\/embed\/#?secret=pbO1uhETVe#?secret=tubSnsz7as\" data-secret=\"tubSnsz7as\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Guiding climate adaptation strategies<\/h5>\n<p>The findings take on particular importance in the current scenario, characterised by the <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heat-waves-longer-frequent\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">increasing frequency and intensity<\/a> of extreme events. Understanding where biodiversity can effectively limit productivity losses would help guide conservation strategies and climate adaptation interventions, directing efforts towards the ecosystems where these benefits are greatest.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cRather than assuming that biodiversity universally buffers environmental stress, our synthesis identifies the conditions under which it is most likely to have strong impacts, thereby offering <strong>a clear basis for targeted, nature-based strategies<\/strong> for climate adaptation\u201d, the authors say. In the future, however, new experiments will be needed. The goal is to assess forest ecosystems and regions of the world that remain underrepresented in research. This will help to understand whether the mechanisms identified elsewhere also occur in other climatic contexts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An international study finds that high biodiversity levels can reduce productivity losses in the driest grasslands during extreme drought events. However, the same pattern is not found in forested areas<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":43990,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[200,302,49,303,165,188,322],"class_list":["post-43988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-biodiversity","tag-climate-2-en","tag-ecosistemi","tag-ecosystems-2-en","tag-forests","tag-research","tag-suolo-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Extreme drought: biodiversity helps grasslands, but not forests - Re Soil Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The effects of biodiversity rely on the type of ecosystem and environment: new insights from research into climate adaptation\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/drought-biodiversity-grasslands-forests\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Extreme drought: biodiversity helps grasslands, but not forests - 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