{"id":42232,"date":"2026-02-09T11:00:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T10:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=42232"},"modified":"2026-02-04T17:43:58","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T16:43:58","slug":"deforestation-southeast-asia-carbon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/deforestation-southeast-asia-carbon\/","title":{"rendered":"Deforestation has made Southeast Asia a net source of carbon"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>In the first two decades of the century, according to a Japanese study, the forests in the area released more carbon than they stored. Fires, peatland degradation, and fossil fuels are making things worse<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Southeast Asian<\/strong> countries are still running a <strong>carbon deficit<\/strong> due to key factors like fossil fuel use and land use change linked to deforestation. The resulting emissions actually exceed the amount of carbon sequestered by natural ecosystems. In this scenario, climate neutrality in the area remains a distant dream. This is according to a <a href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2024GB008256\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> by <strong>Hiroshima University<\/strong> published in the journal Global Biogeochemical Cycle.<\/p>\n<p>The work, which involved a group of researchers from different countries, examined the eleven nations of <strong>ASEAN<\/strong> (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), the economic cooperation area founded in 1967, in the first twenty years of the 21st century.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"cdZzRAGw50\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/asia-flash-drought-usa\/\">Flash drought is becoming increasingly frequent in Asia<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Flash drought is becoming increasingly frequent in Asia&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/asia-flash-drought-usa\/embed\/#?secret=tzCD1NEBYu#?secret=cdZzRAGw50\" data-secret=\"cdZzRAGw50\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The storage potential of forests is being wasted<\/h5>\n<p>\u201dMember countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ratified the <strong>Paris Agreement<\/strong> and have initiated their own efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,\u201d the study explains. \u201cHowever, the progress of these countries toward climate neutrality remains uncertain.\u201d To estimate the overall balance, scientists calculated the total emissions of the main greenhouse gases\u2014carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide\u2014in the region between 2000 and 2019.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cOur study revealed that Southeast Asia is experiencing the dual challenge of <strong>large emissions<\/strong> from deforestation and coal usage, necessitating the implementation of <strong>urgent mitigation strategies<\/strong>,\u201d the researchers explain.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The result is a negative balance, despite the region&#8217;s potential. \u201cSoutheast Asia has some of the most carbon-rich forests and wetlands in the world, but the region is still adding more greenhouse gases to the atmosphere than it removes,\u201d <strong>Masayuki Kondo<\/strong>, professor and co-author of the research, explained in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiroshima-u.ac.jp\/en\/news\/94754\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a>. Among the main reasons, he adds, are deforestation and the dry-up of <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/peatlands-climate-carbon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">peatlands<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"bl6eqdUNH7\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/peatlands-drainage-emissions\/\">Drainage channels in peatlands produce significant emissions<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Drainage channels in peatlands produce significant emissions&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/peatlands-drainage-emissions\/embed\/#?secret=BD7xMu7zut#?secret=bl6eqdUNH7\" data-secret=\"bl6eqdUNH7\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A negative balance of over 3 billion tons per year for 20 years<\/h5>\n<p>In particular, the study found that <strong>deforestation and land conversion<\/strong> released more greenhouse gases than any other activity over a two-decade period. In addition to CO\u2082, the survey specifies that \u201cregion&#8217;s biosphere was also a net source of <strong>methane<\/strong> (CH4) and <strong>nitrous oxide<\/strong> (N2O), which, combined with the CO2 budget, makes the Southeast Asian biosphere a <strong>net source<\/strong> of GHGs to the atmosphere.\u201d Estimates range between 2 and 2.2 billion tons between 2000 and 2019, depending on the approach used.<\/p>\n<p>In addition fires and fossil fuels had a huge impact. <strong>Coal<\/strong> consumption, in particular, increased during the period under review \u201cat a rate that Southeast Asia had never experienced\u201d and its related emissions have exceeded those of oil since 2018. On balance, therefore, &#8220;the total GHG budget (the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature16946\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">biospheric<\/a> GHG budget plus the non-biospheric GHG fluxes) was calculated as a net source of <strong>3,2-3,4 billion tons<\/strong> <strong>per year<\/strong> for 2000\u20132019.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"AWxJGZhp23\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/agroforestry-deforestation-southeast-asia\/\">Agroforestry has reduced deforestation in Southeast Asia<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Agroforestry has reduced deforestation in Southeast Asia&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/agroforestry-deforestation-southeast-asia\/embed\/#?secret=eStSHf3Erj#?secret=AWxJGZhp23\" data-secret=\"AWxJGZhp23\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Carbon monitoring is necessary<\/h5>\n<p>Southeast Asia is a region inhabited by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_ASEAN_countries_by_GDP?utm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nearly 700 million people<\/a>, with a GDP that has been <a href=\"https:\/\/data.aseanstats.org\/asean-gdp-annual\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">growing strongly<\/a> for years, whose nominal value is around $4 trillion. To achieve <strong>climate neutrality<\/strong>, the authors explain, the region \u201cmust develop effective mitigation strategies to manage GHG emissions from land-use changes and coal usage.\u201d But there&#8217;s more.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The study found that some areas of the region still lack greenhouse gas<strong> monitoring systems<\/strong>, making it difficult to provide accurate estimates of the phenomenon.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>To achieve mitigation targets, therefore, it&#8217;s essential to create additional measurement sites, but also to adopt better models and make policy decisions closely linked to <strong>scientific data<\/strong>. The researchers conclude that this goal can also be achieved with the help of <strong>LeXtra<\/strong>, or League of geophysical research eXcellences for tropical Asia, a new international network recently<a href=\"https:\/\/esd.nies.go.jp\/ileaps-japan\/images\/iLEAPS_Japan2023_ProgramFull.pdf?utm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> established by the researchers<\/a> to strengthen data collection, improve study models, and support data sharing throughout Southeast Asia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the first two decades of the century, according to a Japanese study, the forests in the area released more carbon than they stored. Fires, peatland degradation, and fossil fuels are making things worse<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":42235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[201,220,301,98,187,302,204,303,165,247,188,322],"class_list":["post-42232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-asia-en","tag-carbon","tag-carbon-2-en","tag-carbonio","tag-climate","tag-climate-2-en","tag-ecosystems","tag-ecosystems-2-en","tag-forests","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-research","tag-suolo-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Deforestation has made Southeast Asia a net source of carbon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The calculation includes carbon emissions from ASEAN countries, the 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