{"id":40988,"date":"2025-10-20T11:00:47","date_gmt":"2025-10-20T09:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=40988"},"modified":"2025-10-23T15:11:29","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T13:11:29","slug":"climate-artic-tundra-boreal-vegetation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/climate-artic-tundra-boreal-vegetation\/","title":{"rendered":"In the Arctic tundra, boreal plants are becoming increasingly widespread due to climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>A Swedish study shows the dynamics of this phenomenon. The process doesn&#8217;t necessarily happen where warming is greatest but, instead, where conditions are favorable for plant growth<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>Climate change is rapidly altering the vegetation of the <strong>Arctic tundra<\/strong>, contributing to the spread of species typical of nearby forests. This process is widely visible and largely determined by the growing presence of plants already existing in the transition zone between the two environments. The phenomenon, known as <strong>borealisation<\/strong>, is particularly widespread in Eurasia and mountainous regions. This is supported by a new large-scale <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/395711537_Borealisation_of_Plant_Communities_in_the_Arctic_Is_Driven_by_Boreal-Tundra_Species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> conducted by researchers at the <strong>University of Gothenburg<\/strong>, in Sweden, on over a thousand sampling sites across the Arctic biome.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"JMgQpPUClK\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/artic-climate-siberia-wildfires\/\">A warmer Arctic fuels Siberian wildfires<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;A warmer Arctic fuels Siberian wildfires&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/artic-climate-siberia-wildfires\/embed\/#?secret=lT2zCojaqI#?secret=JMgQpPUClK\" data-secret=\"JMgQpPUClK\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The research<\/h5>\n<p>\u201cTundra borealisation has been sporadically reported, but <strong>not systematically quantified<\/strong>,\u201d the authors explain. \u201cHere, we synthesised data from across 32 study areas, spanning 1137 plots and 287 vascular plant species, resurveyed between 1981 and 2023.\u201d Specifically, the researchers focused on three areas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They <strong>quantified tundra borealisation<\/strong> as the colonisation and increase in abundance of Boreal and Boreal\u2010Tundra species;<\/li>\n<li>assessed biogeographical, climatic and local <strong>borealisation drivers<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>identified <strong>species<\/strong> contributing to borealisation and their associated traits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this way, they discovered that many species of grasses and shrubs that can live in both forests and tundra are gaining ground in the latter. This phenomenon \u201cis strongest near the tree line, in warm and humid places, and in areas with <strong>limited climate change<\/strong>, which suggests that borealisation does not necessarily occur where warming is greatest, but where conditions are most favourable for plant establishment,\u201d <strong>Anne Bjorkman<\/strong>, a plant ecology researcher at the University of Gothenburg, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gu.se\/en\/news\/boreal-plants-spread-into-the-arctic-tundra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explains<\/a> in a statement.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"pJmhnL05UW\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/permafrost-erosion-co2-oceans\/\">Permafrost erosion reduces carbon sequestration in the oceans<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Permafrost erosion reduces carbon sequestration in the oceans&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/permafrost-erosion-co2-oceans\/embed\/#?secret=lzhCGgcr4o#?secret=pJmhnL05UW\" data-secret=\"pJmhnL05UW\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Herbs and shrubs spread more easily<\/h5>\n<p>Certain characteristics, according to scientists, allow some plants to spread more successfully than others. Lower boreal species expand more often than taller ones in newly colonized tundra areas. In addition, <strong>grasses and shrubs<\/strong> have occupied more areas than herbaceous plants, partly due to <strong>more efficient absorption of nutrients<\/strong> in the soil.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>These factors contribute to the geographical variability of the phenomenon, which, the study explains, \u201cwas greater in <strong>Eurasia<\/strong>, closer to the treeline, at <strong>higher elevations<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>All this, of course, does not happen without consequences. <strong>Lichens<\/strong>, for example, may disappear in the shade of bushes, <strong>reducing the<\/strong> <strong>food supply for animals<\/strong> such as mountain reindeer, altering their migration routes, and reducing their access to traditional plants. Some animals, such as moose, red foxes, beavers, and forest voles, on the other hand, may spread to new habitats and thus affect ecosystems. But there is more.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"2JnwmVelpG\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/permafrost-microbes-climate-change\/\">Permafrost microbes may further accelerate climate change<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Permafrost microbes may further accelerate climate change&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/permafrost-microbes-climate-change\/embed\/#?secret=UFlOEUzS8A#?secret=2JnwmVelpG\" data-secret=\"2JnwmVelpG\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Consequences for climate change, ecosystem, and local communities<\/h5>\n<p>The authors emphasize that the impact of this process in the tundra can also be evident for <strong>climate change<\/strong>. As they expand, shrubs and other tree-like species retain more snow in winter and cover the ground in summer. This phenomenon changes the soil temperature and can accelerate the <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/microbes-permafrost-released-carbon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">melting of permafrost<\/a>. Thus releasing <strong>large amounts of carbon<\/strong> that has been trapped for thousands of years and contributing to global warming.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Finally, \u201cthese plant community composition changes could have<strong> cascading impacts on land\u2010atmosphere interactions<\/strong>, trophic dynamics and <strong>Indigenous<\/strong> and local livelihoods.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>According to <strong>Robert Bj\u00f6rk<\/strong>, a researcher on Arctic ecosystems at the University of Gothenburg, the current trend, in particular, \u201ccould also affect the traditional livelyhoods of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic, who rely on hunting, reindeer herding, and gathering plants as a part of their subsistence and cultural practice.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Swedish study shows the dynamics of this phenomenon. The process doesn&#8217;t necessarily happen where warming is greatest but, instead, where conditions are favorable for plant growth<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":40991,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[200,187,204,165,247,188,322],"class_list":["post-40988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-biodiversity","tag-climate","tag-ecosystems","tag-forests","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-research","tag-suolo-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>In the Arctic tundra, boreal plants are becoming more widespread<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Changes in the plant composition of the Arctic tundra have consequences for the climate and the 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