{"id":40630,"date":"2025-09-12T11:00:50","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T09:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=40630"},"modified":"2025-09-10T11:25:10","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T09:25:10","slug":"drought-climate-scientific-diplomacy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/editorials\/drought-climate-scientific-diplomacy\/","title":{"rendered":"Drought, climate change, and scientific diplomacy: a collective response from Latin America"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Science cannot act alone to combat the climate crisis, and without it, no transformation is possible. Some experiences developed by South American countries highlight the importance of acting jointly<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Anna Stewart-Ibarra , Sof\u00eda Kalormakis *<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/drought-hotspot-unccd-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Drought<\/a> is no longer just a natural or cyclical phenomenon: it is one of the most destructive impacts of climate change in Latin America and the Caribbean. As global temperatures rise\u2014as confirmed by the <strong>World Meteorological Organization (WMO),<\/strong> which reported that <strong>2024 was the hottest year<\/strong> in 174 years\u2014extreme events such as prolonged droughts, wildfires, <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/climate-change-extreme-heat-soil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heatwaves<\/a>, and floods are intensifying. Their consequences extend from agriculture to energy and transportation, affecting daily life and the security of millions of people.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"9EGeDf5vwI\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heat-waves-longer-frequent\/\">Extreme heat waves are becoming longer and more frequent<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Extreme heat waves are becoming longer and more frequent&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heat-waves-longer-frequent\/embed\/#?secret=km4BIfVCrp#?secret=9EGeDf5vwI\" data-secret=\"9EGeDf5vwI\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>In the face of this growing threat, countries in the region are activating<strong> joint strategies<\/strong> to monitor, anticipate, and mitigate the impacts of droughts. During the recent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iai.int\/en\/post\/detail\/CoP-33\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CoP-33<\/a> of the <a>Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research <\/a>(IAI), held in Asunci\u00f3n, Paraguay, several multilateral initiatives were consolidated that combine science, open data, and political cooperation. One of these is the (<a href=\"https:\/\/community.wmo.int\/en\/drought-information-system-southern-south-america\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">South American Drought Information System<\/a> &#8211; SISSA), which provides tools co-produced with local stakeholders to strengthen institutional capacities and promote risk governance in key sectors such as agriculture and water.<\/p>\n<h5>Good monitoring practices<\/h5>\n<p>An example of the use of these tools in agriculture is the initiative developed in the Argentine province of C\u00f3rdoba, where local climate data is being consolidated and expanded to monitor and predict soil water content. Additionally, the standardized precipitation-stream flow index (TSI) is used to create hydrological prediction models that impact regional hydro energy.<\/p>\n<p>Another pioneering initiative is the (<a href=\"https:\/\/earthobservations.org\/groups\/disaster-risk-reduction-and-adaptation-working-group\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Network of Earth Observation Laboratories for Disaster Risk Reduction<\/a> &#8211; <strong>REDLABOT<\/strong>), led by the Paraguayan Space Agency (AEP), in partnership with Geo Lab, ESRI Panama, and NASA. This network was established after the extreme floods of 2019 and now integrates geospatial technology to address droughts, wildfires, and other climate events with real-time information. As AEP Director Alejandro Rom\u00e1n stated, the goal is clear: \u201cto bring the benefits of space to our emerging countries and build national capacities in agriculture, education, and emergency management\u201d.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"UpdnK7tDqb\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/nasa-light-flash-drought\/\">NASA follows the light and anticipates flash droughts<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;NASA follows the light and anticipates flash droughts&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/nasa-light-flash-drought\/embed\/#?secret=6IgPGQcFB8#?secret=UpdnK7tDqb\" data-secret=\"UpdnK7tDqb\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Record droughts in Belize and Panama<\/h5>\n<p>Some of the major extreme weather and climate events that affected the region during 2024 occurred in Belize and Panama, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/wmo.int\/publication-series\/state-of-climate-latin-america-and-caribbean-2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WMO\u2019s report <em>State of the Climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2024<\/em>.<\/a> In Belize, extremely dry conditions, worsened by intense heatwaves, caused the worst episode of wildfires in the country\u2019s recent history. In Panama, the drought in the <strong>Panama Canal<\/strong>, which began in 2022, was classified in January 2024 as <strong>the worst in the history of the interoceanic route.<\/strong> In response to these events, Paraguay, Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina strengthened the organization of multilateral monitoring and early warning projects, using scientific diplomacy to build joint climate resilience.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_40624\" style=\"width: 1230px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-40624\" class=\"size-full wp-image-40624\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wmo-ra-iii-south-america-annual-land-temperature.png\" alt=\"FONTE: State of the Climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2024\" width=\"1220\" height=\"1044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wmo-ra-iii-south-america-annual-land-temperature.png 1220w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wmo-ra-iii-south-america-annual-land-temperature-300x257.png 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wmo-ra-iii-south-america-annual-land-temperature-1030x881.png 1030w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wmo-ra-iii-south-america-annual-land-temperature-768x657.png 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/wmo-ra-iii-south-america-annual-land-temperature-705x603.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1220px) 100vw, 1220px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-40624\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Change in average soil temperature in Latin America between 1991 and 2020. SOURCE: State of the Climate in Latin America and the Caribbean 2024<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>Without scientific diplomacy, early warning systems are impossible<\/h5>\n<p>In this context, <strong>early warning systems<\/strong> are not merely technical tools\u2014they are platforms for collective action. But their effectiveness depends on another fundamental pillar: <a href=\"https:\/\/latinoamerica21.com\/en\/scientific-diplomacy-for-climate-action-in-times-of-denialism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scientific diplomacy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>This practice, which connects researchers, decision-makers, and communities across borders, has emerged as a key pathway for strengthening coordinated regional responses.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>During CoP-33, the IAI led workshops and training sessions on scientific diplomacy with participants from Paraguay, Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina, promoting <strong>a shared regional agenda<\/strong> ahead of the United Nations Conference of the Parties (COP30) to be held in Brazil in November 2025.<\/p>\n<p>All of these efforts were acknowledged in the declaration signed by the participating governments and institutions, reaffirming their commitment to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>strengthen multi-hazard early warning systems;<\/li>\n<li>integrate scientific, Indigenous, and traditional knowledge;<\/li>\n<li>share open data and methodologies;<\/li>\n<li>mobilize financial resources for climate research and action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This declaration represents <strong>an urgent call to act together,<\/strong> putting science at the service of resilient and sustainable policies.<\/p>\n<h5>The joint experience of the Yacyret\u00e1 hydroelectric power plant<\/h5>\n<p>An example of this regional cooperation was the coordination between <strong>Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil<\/strong> to ensure the operation of the Yacyret\u00e1 Hydroelectric Plant during the years of extraordinary low water levels in the Paran\u00e1 River. Between 2018 and 2021, the countries involved established technical and operational agreements that allowed continued energy generation, safe river navigation, and ensured water supply for riverside communities.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_40627\" style=\"width: 1106px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-40627\" class=\"size-full wp-image-40627\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1096px-Central_vista_externa_en_gris.jpg\" alt=\"centrale idroelettrica di Yacyret\u00e1 \u00e8 stata oggetto di un virtuoso progetto di collaborazione tra Paraguay, Argentina e Brasile per garantirne funzionamento anche in momenti di particolare siccit\u00e0. FOTO: Wikipedia CC BY-SA 2.5\" width=\"1096\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1096px-Central_vista_externa_en_gris.jpg 1096w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1096px-Central_vista_externa_en_gris-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1096px-Central_vista_externa_en_gris-1030x677.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1096px-Central_vista_externa_en_gris-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/1096px-Central_vista_externa_en_gris-705x463.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1096px) 100vw, 1096px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-40627\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Yacyret\u00e1 hydroelectric plant was the subject of a successful collaborative project between Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil. PHOTO: Wikipedia CC BY-SA 2.5<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The so-called <strong>\u201cnavigation windows\u201d<\/strong> enabled the organized passage of cargo convoys through a joint operation based on hydrological forecasts, shared logistics, and the use of technological platforms. This case demonstrates how technical and scientific diplomacy can be translated into concrete solutions to extreme climate challenges.<\/p>\n<p>Drought is, and will continue to be, a threat, but <strong>we are not defenseless<\/strong>. With shared knowledge, strategic alliances, and scientific diplomacy, the region can not only mitigate its effects but also lay the groundwork for a profound transformation.<strong> Science cannot act alone<\/strong>, and no transformation will be possible without it.<\/p>\n<h5>The authors<\/h5>\n<p><strong>Anna Stewart-Ibarra<\/strong> is the scientific director of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sof\u00eda Kalormakis<\/strong> is the CEO and founder of Tink Communications.<\/p>\n<p>This article was originally published on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/latinoamerica21.com\/en\/climate-change-and-scientific-diplomacy-a-collective-response-from-latin-america\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">latinoamerica21.com<\/a>, from the platform <a href=\"https:\/\/vocesdemujeres.com\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Voices of Ibero-American Women<\/a>, in a collaboration between the Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (OEI) and Latinoam\u00e9rica21.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Science cannot act alone to combat the climate crisis, and without it, no transformation is possible. Some experiences developed by South American countries highlight the importance of acting jointly<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":40633,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[157,134],"tags":[187,222,229,198],"class_list":["post-40630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editorials","category-articles","tag-climate","tag-desertification","tag-drought","tag-latin-america"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Latin America, a lesson on drought, climate, and science diplomacy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Science cannot act alone against severe drought and climate crisis and without it no transformation is possible.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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