{"id":38075,"date":"2025-02-10T11:00:14","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T10:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=38075"},"modified":"2025-02-20T17:01:38","modified_gmt":"2025-02-20T16:01:38","slug":"plants-planet-water-cycle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/plants-planet-water-cycle\/","title":{"rendered":"The Planet&#8217;s fastest water cycle runs through plants"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>It takes only five days for a drop of water stored in a cultivated plant to complete its outward journey to the atmosphere, a study explains. Land use alters the speed of the process<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The time it takes for <strong>water<\/strong> to flow through <strong>plants<\/strong> and be returned to the atmosphere is among the fastest found in the global <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/global-report-floods-droughts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hydrologic cycle<\/a>. It ranges from just five days in agricultural soils to 18 days in evergreen needleleaf forests. This is revealed in a new study by the Schmid College of Science and Technology at <strong>Chapman University<\/strong> in Orange, California. This research has provided the first accurate estimates of the speed of a phenomenon that has yet to be fully investigated.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe time it takes for water to transit from the ground back to the atmosphere affects weather, climate, <strong>biogeochemistry<\/strong> and ecosystem function,\u201d the research notes. \u201cThe transit time of water through vegetation, defined as the age of water transpiring from vegetation since time of entry, is a particularly understudied aspect of the terrestrial hydrologic cycle.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"P2UfvWckBL\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/global-report-floods-droughts\/\">The water cycle has changed. And it favors floods and droughts<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;The water cycle has changed. And it favors floods and droughts&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/global-report-floods-droughts\/embed\/#?secret=9OcI90P7id#?secret=P2UfvWckBL\" data-secret=\"P2UfvWckBL\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Estimates from satellite data<\/h5>\n<p>The investigation, the results of which were published in the journal Nature Water, was based on data from <strong>NASA<\/strong>&#8216;s Soil Moisture Active Passive Mission (SMAP) satellite mission. SMAP, in particular, provides high-resolution estimates of water in the soil. Assuming they were interfering with soil moisture measurements, the researchers <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2025-01-reveals-rapid-ground-atmosphere.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explain<\/a>, U.S. Space Agency scientists had begun estimating the impact of plants to correct their readings.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Such corrections, according to their Chapman colleagues, would be of crucial importance, containing, in fact, key information for <strong>understanding the water cycle<\/strong>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The California scholars therefore combined estimates of plant water storage with estimates of <strong>evaporation rates<\/strong> to determine the transit time of water through vegetation. In doing so, they obtained five years of monthly estimates at a spatial resolution of 9 km2.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"8WIpUtgsNv\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/agriculture-irrigation-rainfall-midwest\/\">Agriculture and irrigation affect rainfall in the U.S. Midwest<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Agriculture and irrigation affect rainfall in the U.S. Midwest&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/agriculture-irrigation-rainfall-midwest\/embed\/#?secret=NpMd09kxKq#?secret=8WIpUtgsNv\" data-secret=\"8WIpUtgsNv\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>From less than a day to 1,600 years<\/h5>\n<p>The researchers, the study notes, thus found \u201cthat mean transit times of water through aboveground vegetation vary <strong>from ~5\u2009days in croplands to ~18\u2009days in evergreen needleleaf forests<\/strong>, with a global median of 8.1\u2009days.\u201d In detail, \u201cIn herbaceous-dominated land-cover types with comparatively low water storage and high seasonal water use, such as grasslands, the water stored in biomass may be frequently transiting <strong>in less than one day<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The estimates, in short, \u201ccontribute to resolving the <strong>role of vegetation in the terrestrial hydrologic cycle<\/strong>; plants store little water compared to other pools, and the time it takes to return that water to the atmosphere is among the fastest components of the hydrologic cycle.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Particularly fast in croplands, <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/canada-usa-grasslands-lost\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">grasslands<\/a> and savannas, the transit of water through lakes, by contrast, is completed in 17 years. For <strong>glaciers<\/strong> it is up to <strong>1,600 years<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"gUofs8TcdS\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-moisture-space-nasa\/\">NASA will monitor soil moisture on Earth&#8217;s surface<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;NASA will monitor soil moisture on Earth&#8217;s surface&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-moisture-space-nasa\/embed\/#?secret=agsSNeJsmb#?secret=gUofs8TcdS\" data-secret=\"gUofs8TcdS\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Land use change accelerates the water cycle<\/h5>\n<p>As the study reminds, terrestrial vegetation stores about 786 km\u00b3 of freshwater, or only <strong>0.002% of its total amount<\/strong> on Earth. But however infinitesimal, this share and its cycle can provide relevant information about the impact of other factors. These include climate change and <strong>human activities<\/strong> on the soil. \u201cPlants are the forgotten part of the global water cycle,\u201d explained <strong>Andrew Felton<\/strong>, now a professor at Montana State University and co-author of the research. Moreover, he adds:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThe results suggest that the transit time of water through plants is likely to be very sensitive to events such as <strong>deforestation, drought and wildfire<\/strong>, which will fundamentally change the time it takes for water to flow through the water cycle.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>According to colleague <strong>Gregory Goldsmith<\/strong>, professor of biological sciences at Chapman University, moreover, \u201cCroplands around the world tend to have very similar and very fast transit times.\u201d This finding, he explains, \u201cindicates that <strong>land use change<\/strong> may be homogenizing the global water cycle and contributing to its intensification by more rapidly recycling water back to the atmosphere where it can turn into heavy rain events.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It takes only five days for a drop of water stored in a cultivated plant to complete its outward journey to the atmosphere, a study explains. Land use alters the speed of the process<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":38081,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[190,187,239,223,188,186],"class_list":["post-38075","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-agriculture","tag-climate","tag-crops","tag-hydrogeological-instability","tag-research","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Planet&#039;s fastest water cycle runs through plants<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers combined estimates of the presence of water in plants with the evaporation rate to calculate the transit time\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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