{"id":35985,"date":"2024-10-14T11:00:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-14T09:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/alberi-sirfidi-resa-colture\/"},"modified":"2024-10-21T10:17:39","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T08:17:39","slug":"trees-pollinators-crop-yields","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/trees-pollinators-crop-yields\/","title":{"rendered":"Trees around cultivated fields increase crop yields"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>According to a Canadian study, the presence of trees increases the number of insects that contribute to pollination and the fight against crop pathogens<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The installation of tree barriers around agricultural fields encourages the presence of pollinating insects that benefit crops. This was confirmed by a recent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S016788092400389X\">study<\/a> by the<strong>University of Alberta<\/strong> in Canada, which quantified the number of <strong>hoverflies<\/strong> &#8211; a family of <strong>pollinating<\/strong> insects &#8211; in some rapeseed fields. \u2018Hoverflies provide dual ecosystem services, as the adults act as pollinators and the larvae can be predators of crop pests,\u2019 the study says. Therefore, the researchers report in a <a href=\"\u2018https:\/\/educationnewscanada.com\/article\/education\/region\/alberta\/30\/1102777\/helping-hoverflies-help-crops-treed-borders-provide-a-base-for-pollinating-pest-eating-insect-in-crops-study-shows.html\u2019\">statement<\/a>, it is important to gain more knowledge on how to make the most of the services that the insects themselves can provide to crops.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"z1SOPcxjFq\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/bees-pesticides-pollen\/\">Pesticides persist in bee pollen, study says<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Pesticides persist in bee pollen, study says&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/bees-pesticides-pollen\/embed\/#?secret=PqjHU5BMJW#?secret=z1SOPcxjFq\" data-secret=\"z1SOPcxjFq\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Hoverflies are a surprising resource<\/h5>\n<p>Although less well-known than other more common pollinators, hoverflies are actually a particularly valuable resource. &#8216;<strong>Bees<\/strong> can pollinate but they don\u2019t have a role in pest control,\u2019 explains <strong>Rachel Pizante<\/strong>, researcher and lead author of the study. Other insects, such as some beetles, have larvae that can fight pathogens, but many of them are unable to pollinate. In contrast, \u2018overflies are a major group of common insects that can provide <strong>both services<\/strong>\u2019.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>It is therefore particularly important to understand what factors can <strong>influence their presence<\/strong> and, with it, the positive effects on crops.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2018Because bloom time is limited in mass-flowering crops, resources within crops for hoverfly adults can also be limited and change temporally,\u2019 the study explains. &#8216;Therefore, hoverflies <strong>need to move between crops and their borders<\/strong>. It may be that some field border vegetation types support the provision of hoverflies to crops better than other vegetation types\u2019 Working in <strong>10 oilseed rape fields<\/strong> located in central Alberta, each with at least one tree and one grass border, the authors then measured the movement of the insects between the fields and their borders.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6680\" style=\"width: 1040px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6680\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6680\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-1030x1028.png\" alt=\"api insetti impollinatori servizi ecosistemici vantaggi agricoltura\" width=\"1030\" height=\"1028\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-1030x1028.png 1030w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-768x767.png 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37-705x705.png 705w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Schermata-2021-05-19-alle-12.46.37.png 1228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6680\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bees and pollinating insects in general play a crucial role in our food security and ecosystems. Here are five of the \u2018services\u2019 provided. SOURCE: FAO Archives.<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>With trees, the presence of hoverflies increases 33-fold<\/h5>\n<p>The study was based on the use of traps in herbaceous and tree borders that allowed continuous sampling during the period May-August. The researchers then took into account not only the type of field perimeter but also <strong>several variables<\/strong> such as its structure and composition (edge width, canopy cover, grass height, herbaceous cover, vegetation cover, flower availability and the density of trees, shrubs, logs and felled woody debris) and assessed how these factors influenced the movement of hoverflies in and out of crops.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u2018We found that field border type affected hoverfly movement such that, across the whole summer, net-export of hoverflies into crops was <strong>over 33-times higher<\/strong> from treed field borders (an estimated <strong>84,699 hoverflies<\/strong> per km per week) than from herbaceous field borders (an estimated <strong>2515<\/strong> hoverflies per km per week)&#8217;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u2018We did not find any single component of the vegetation within treed field borders that explained the difference in movement. We found more hoverfly activity in herbaceous field borders than in treed field borders during and after canola bloom, but that overall activity was equal between field border types prior to canola bloom.\u2019<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"t2ouIA4svC\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/urbanisation-bee-butterfly\/\">The degree of urbanisation reduces wild bees and butterfly diversity<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;The degree of urbanisation reduces wild bees and butterfly diversity&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/urbanisation-bee-butterfly\/embed\/#?secret=3mDZxMkQlB#?secret=t2ouIA4svC\" data-secret=\"t2ouIA4svC\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A support for biodiversity<\/h5>\n<p>In other words, the authors note, the effectiveness of trees does not vary depending on their characteristics. The solution, therefore, is particularly easy. \u2018Any treed border should be capable of supplying enough hoverflies to <strong>potentially increase crop yields<\/strong>; there\u2019s not a lot of tweaking needed. For example, the borders wouldn\u2019t need to be planted in certain ways,\u2019 she explains. \u2018It also means that if a landowner wanted to plant a treed border for other purposes like <strong>mitigating<\/strong> <strong>soil erosion<\/strong>, it would benefit the hoverflies, too.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>The study then highlights another key aspect: the presence of trees would not only increase the number but also the <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/urbanisation-bee-butterfly\/\">biodiversity of pollinators<\/a>. The researchers, in fact, <strong>identified 96 species of<\/strong> the insect and found that tree-lined borders supported twice as much hoverfly diversity as grassy perimeters, probably due to the greater resources available to fly larvae in these areas. These additional benefits, they explained, include the pollination of wildflowers and the decomposition of dead wood into soil nutrients.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>According to a Canadian study, the presence of trees increases the number of insects that contribute to pollination and the fight against crop pathogens<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":35991,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,134],"tags":[190,153,200,239,188],"class_list":["post-35985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agricultural-industry","category-articles","tag-agriculture","tag-best-practice-en","tag-biodiversity","tag-crops","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trees around cultivated fields 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