{"id":35565,"date":"2024-09-25T10:43:46","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T08:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/irrigazione-riso-metalli-pesanti\/"},"modified":"2024-09-30T10:51:59","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T08:51:59","slug":"irrigation-rice-metal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/","title":{"rendered":"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>A University of Delaware study highlights the impact of water supply in determining the concentration of arsenic and cadmium in rice plants. But the mechanism is complex and a solution is yet to be found<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The management of water supply in <strong>rice fields<\/strong> affects the presence of heavy <strong>metals<\/strong> in the food. This is supported by <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10653-024-02116-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a> from the <strong>University of Delaware<\/strong> published in the journal Environmental Geochemistry and Health. \u2018TThe drier those rice fields are, the lower the amounts of <strong>arsenic<\/strong> and the higher the amounts of <strong>cadmium<\/strong>,\u2019 a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.udel.edu\/udaily\/2024\/august\/toxic-metal-leafy-greens-rice-research-angelia-seyfferth-matt-limmer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> explains. \u2018However, the higher cadmium is lower than the existing threshold for adverse health effects.\u2019 The investigation thus makes a new contribution to studies on the assimilation mechanisms of <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/metal-fertilisers-global-soils\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">metals<\/a> that, by entering the food cycle, have a negative impact on consumers&#8217; health.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"uEP1iqeeko\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/rice-cultivation-healty-soil\/\">Rice cultivation helps protect soil health<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Rice cultivation helps protect soil health&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/rice-cultivation-healty-soil\/embed\/#?secret=B0pa31O5XP#?secret=uEP1iqeeko\" data-secret=\"uEP1iqeeko\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The water factor on rice plants<\/h5>\n<p>In rice crops, which are typically grown in submerged fields, the <strong>spread of potentially toxic elements<\/strong> and their absorption by the roots can be facilitated. Decisive, the researchers explain, is the loss of oxygen, which is normally located in the small pores of the soil and is lost very quickly being replaced by <strong>water<\/strong>. It is precisely the scarcity of the element that impacts on the action of soil micro-organisms which, in their respiration, begin to process iron oxides.<\/p>\n<p>\u2018Arsenic likes to stick really tightly onto those iron oxides,\u2019 explains <strong>Angelia Seyfferth<\/strong>, a soil biogeochemist at the University of Delaware and coauthor of the research. &#8216;When the iron oxides are used by these organisms to breathe, they go from a solid mineral to a solution phase. You essentially dissolve them, and when you dissolve them, the arsenic that\u2019s stuck onto them goes into the water.&#8217;.At that point, she adds, the element can be easily absorbed by the roots and transported into the grain.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"n6aVmXnZZR\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heavy-metals-antibiotic-bacteria\/\">Heavy metals in soil promote antibiotic resistance in bacteria<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Heavy metals in soil promote antibiotic resistance in bacteria&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heavy-metals-antibiotic-bacteria\/embed\/#?secret=QfIWZUjxI0#?secret=n6aVmXnZZR\" data-secret=\"n6aVmXnZZR\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Impossible to reduce concentrations of both elements<\/h5>\n<p>To understand the uptake mechanisms, the researchers cultivated rice in <strong>18 fields<\/strong>, subjecting the paddy fields to different flooding and moisture conditions. \u2018In a 2 year field study,\u2019 the research explains, \u2019we used 6 irrigation managements that varied in <strong>extent and frequency of inundation<\/strong>, and we observed strong effects of irrigation management on porewater chemistry, soil redox potentials, plant As and Cd concentrations, plant nutrient concentrations, and methane emissions.<\/p>\n<p>Irrigation management controls biogeochemical cycles in rice production. Under flooded paddy conditions, arsenic becomes available to plants as a result of <strong>iron reduction<\/strong>, while oxidised conditions lead to increased cadmium availability to plants in acidic soils. In any case, the study notes, \u2018A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2468202023000037#:~:text=The%20HI%20is%20a%20method,1%2C%202%2C%203%5D.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hazard index<\/a> approach (a method for assessing the health risks from combined exposures to multiple chemicals, ed.) showed that in the tested soil with low levels of As and Cd (5.4 and 0.072 mg\/kg, respectively), irrigation management could not simultaneously decrease grain As and Cd\u2019.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"OczmhOKhm4\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/compost-non-compostable-materials\/\">Plastic, glass, metals: the &#8220;enemies&#8221; that dirty the compost<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Plastic, glass, metals: the &#8220;enemies&#8221; that dirty the compost&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/compost-non-compostable-materials\/embed\/#?secret=4BBTPGBIXq#?secret=OczmhOKhm4\" data-secret=\"OczmhOKhm4\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>In search of balance<\/h5>\n<p>The mechanisms are quite complex. Flooding the rice fields encourages the uptake of arsenic and soil organisms begin to emit methane into the atmosphere. At the same time, the excess water reduces the sulphate in the soil to sulphide, causing the cadmium to precipitate. By drying out the soil, on the other hand, the <strong>activity of microorganisms is curbed<\/strong>, resulting in a reduction of arsenic and methane.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Under those conditions, however, sulphide binds with oxygen, turning into <strong>sulphate<\/strong> and passing the solid phase. In this way, <strong>cadmium<\/strong> can escape and be absorbed by plants.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>According to the authors, water management in rice fields is \u2018a puzzle\u2019. In other words, it is a question of finding the optimal water level to simultaneously minimise the presence of the two heavy metals in rice. The problem, however, has not yet been solved. The lesson for the future, however, is clear. \u2018Many <strong>soil properties<\/strong>, such as reducible As, available Cd, soil pH, available S, and soil organic matter should be considered when attempting to optimize irrigation management when the goal is decreasing the risk of As and Cd in rice grain,\u2019 the study further notes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A University of Delaware study highlights the impact of water supply in determining the concentration of arsenic and cadmium in rice plants. But the mechanism is complex and a solution is yet to be found<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":35568,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,134],"tags":[190,153,239,221,228,188,186,163],"class_list":["post-35565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agricultural-industry","category-articles","tag-agriculture","tag-best-practice-en","tag-crops","tag-food","tag-health","tag-research","tag-soil","tag-usa-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"University of Delaware research: in drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced. But cadmium increases\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"University of Delaware research: in drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced. But cadmium increases\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Re Soil Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-25T08:43:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-30T08:51:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/riso-3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1458\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1091\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"headline\":\"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-25T08:43:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-30T08:51:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":690,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/riso-3.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"agriculture\",\"best practice\",\"crops\",\"food\",\"health\",\"research\",\"soil\",\"usa\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Agricultural Industry\",\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/\",\"name\":\"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/riso-3.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-25T08:43:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-30T08:51:59+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"description\":\"University of Delaware research: in drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced. But cadmium increases\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/riso-3.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/riso-3.jpg\",\"width\":1458,\"height\":1091,\"caption\":\"In drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced but the amount of cadmium increases. Photo: pxhere CC0 Public Domain Free for personal and commercial use No attribution required\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/agricultural-industry\\\/irrigation-rice-metal\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Re Soil Foundation\",\"description\":\"Regeneration for a clean and healthy soil.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\",\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Matteo Cavallito\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/author\\\/matteo\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake","description":"University of Delaware research: in drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced. But cadmium increases","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake","og_description":"University of Delaware research: in drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced. But cadmium increases","og_url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/","og_site_name":"Re Soil Foundation","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/","article_published_time":"2024-09-25T08:43:46+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-09-30T08:51:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1458,"height":1091,"url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/riso-3.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Matteo Cavallito","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@re_soil","twitter_site":"@re_soil","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Matteo Cavallito","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/"},"author":{"name":"Matteo Cavallito","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe"},"headline":"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake","datePublished":"2024-09-25T08:43:46+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-30T08:51:59+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/"},"wordCount":690,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/riso-3.jpg","keywords":["agriculture","best practice","crops","food","health","research","soil","usa"],"articleSection":["Agricultural Industry","News"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/","url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/","name":"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/riso-3.jpg","datePublished":"2024-09-25T08:43:46+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-30T08:51:59+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe"},"description":"University of Delaware research: in drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced. But cadmium increases","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/riso-3.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/riso-3.jpg","width":1458,"height":1091,"caption":"In drier rice fields the amount of arsenic is reduced but the amount of cadmium increases. Photo: pxhere CC0 Public Domain Free for personal and commercial use No attribution required"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/irrigation-rice-metal\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Irrigation of rice fields impacts on metal uptake"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/","name":"Re Soil Foundation","description":"Regeneration for a clean and healthy soil.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe","name":"Matteo Cavallito","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Matteo Cavallito"},"url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/author\/matteo\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35565"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35592,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35565\/revisions\/35592"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}