{"id":34677,"date":"2024-07-24T11:00:59","date_gmt":"2024-07-24T09:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/suoli-usa-contaminazione-piombo\/"},"modified":"2024-07-25T23:01:58","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T21:01:58","slug":"us-soil-lead-contamination","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/us-soil-lead-contamination\/","title":{"rendered":"American soils are still contaminated with lead"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>For one in four households, the level of lead exposure exceeds the safety threshold set by the Environmental Protection Agency, an Indiana University study has found<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>About one in four households in the United States live on a plot of land that exceeds the maximum concentration of <strong>lead<\/strong> set as a safe limit by the <strong>Environmental Protection Agency<\/strong> (EPA). This was reported in a <a href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/epdf\/10.1029\/2024GH001045\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a> by <strong>Indiana University<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The problem, in total, affects millions of homes built on soils where the abundance of the element exceeds the threshold of <strong>200 parts per million <\/strong>(ppm), a limit recently halved by experts. For households with exposure from multiple sources, the EPA has further lowered the limit to 100 ppm. This level is still exceeded by almost 40 per cent of US households, the study claims.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"cAj19C2Cw8\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/ukraine-russian-invasion-forests\/\">Forests in Ukraine are collateral victims of Russian invasion<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Forests in Ukraine are collateral victims of Russian invasion&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/ukraine-russian-invasion-forests\/embed\/#?secret=5opNSo3v1i#?secret=cAj19C2Cw8\" data-secret=\"cAj19C2Cw8\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>29 million US households at risk<\/h5>\n<p>Published in GeoHealth, a journal of the AGU &#8211; <strong>American Geophysical Union<\/strong>, the survey once again highlights the dangers of lead contamination, a heavy metal that can accumulate in the human body, with <strong>toxic effects<\/strong>. This phenomenon, says a <a href=\"https:\/\/news.agu.org\/press-release\/millions-households-exceed-soil-lead-epa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> from the AGU, has historically affected low-income communities that have been more exposed to factors such as ageing water pipes, contact with old paint and petrol residues, and industrial pollution.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Today, the statement continues, most lead exposure comes from <strong>contaminated soil and dust<\/strong>, which remains so even after the removal of infrastructure that contained the element.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The study analysed the database of nearly 16,000 US residential soil samples &#8211; collected from yards, gardens, alleys and other such spaces &#8211; and found that <strong>25 per cent of these exceeded the new 200 ppm level<\/strong> set by the EPA last January. Benchmarking the figure to the entire country brings the total to about 29 million households at risk.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"zuwBPBO93Q\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heavy-metals-antibiotic-bacteria\/\">Heavy metals in soil promote antibiotic resistance in bacteria<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Heavy metals in soil promote antibiotic resistance in bacteria&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/heavy-metals-antibiotic-bacteria\/embed\/#?secret=ZTGzVIG96Y#?secret=zuwBPBO93Q\" data-secret=\"zuwBPBO93Q\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The cost of conventional clean-up? Up to $1.2 trillion<\/h5>\n<p>Today, according to the study, there are two remediation practices available. The first is <strong>removal<\/strong> &#8211; the so-called dig and dump method &#8211; which, the authors note, can take years. This is the most intuitive system but also the most expensive: according to the Indiana University researchers, working in this way on all contaminated residential areas nationwide is estimated to cost between $290 and <strong>$1.2 trillion<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The authors therefore propose the use of an alternative system: so-called <strong>capping<\/strong>, i.e. burying the polluted soil <strong>under about one metre of clean soil<\/strong>, possibly separated by a geotechnical fabric barrier.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The fact, they argue, is that lead tends to accumulate mainly \u2018in the first 10 or 12 inches (25-30 centimetres, ed.) of soil\u2019. This is why using this method at a depth four times greater would be particularly effective. This technique, the study says, would in fact offer &#8220;immediate and potentially life\u2010changingbenefits for those living in these environments <strong>at a fraction of the cost<\/strong> and labor of disruptive conventional soil mitigation.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"k5Ny7RMIa7\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/tropical-plants-contaminated-soils\/\">Tropical plants provide a solution for heavy metal-contaminated soils<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Tropical plants provide a solution for heavy metal-contaminated soils&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/tropical-plants-contaminated-soils\/embed\/#?secret=LOwcBml2Ym#?secret=k5Ny7RMIa7\" data-secret=\"k5Ny7RMIa7\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The historical legacy of lead<\/h5>\n<p>Lead contamination in American soils, therefore, remains an obvious problem mainly related to the unresolved historical legacy of many past practices. Last year, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.estlett.3c00488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a> by <strong>Duke University<\/strong> in Durham, North Carolina, reported, for example, how in US cities many urban soils that had hosted <strong>waste<\/strong> incineration plants in the past were still contaminated even decades after the operations had been shut down.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEngineering surveys of United States and Canadian cities in 1941 and 1958 suggest that <strong>half incinerated solid wastes<\/strong>,\u201d the study <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/waste-incineration-usa-soils\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">says<\/a>. \u201cMany records describe how incinerator ash was dumped with little regard for health or environmental hazards.\u201d These, in particular, were sometimes covered with a thin layer of topsoil. Or even scattered in parks, new construction sites or other urban spaces as soil conditioner. The consequences of this, of course, are still visible today.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For one in four households, the level of lead exposure exceeds the safety threshold set by the Environmental Protection Agency, an Indiana University study has found<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":34680,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[314,204,247,188,186,163,208],"class_list":["post-34677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-contaminazione-en","tag-ecosystems","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-research","tag-soil","tag-usa-en","tag-waste"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>American soils are still contaminated with lead<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Remediating lead-contaminated land in a conventional manner would cost the US over $1 trillion. But there is a solution\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/us-soil-lead-contamination\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"American soils are still contaminated with lead\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Remediating lead-contaminated land in a conventional manner would cost the US over $1 trillion. 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