{"id":34543,"date":"2024-07-18T11:00:43","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T09:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/cina-suoli-salini-agricoltura\/"},"modified":"2024-07-20T22:33:31","modified_gmt":"2024-07-20T20:33:31","slug":"china-soils-saline-agriculture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/china-soils-saline-agriculture\/","title":{"rendered":"Saline and alkaline soils can also contribute effectively to agriculture"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Although subject to fertility loss, saline soils represent an important agricultural reserve when treated with appropriate restoration techniques. A recent Chinese study examines them<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Soil <strong>salinisation<\/strong> is known to be a major <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/china-solution-saline-soils\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">problem<\/a> worldwide. Saline and alkaline soils, however, can still constitute an important <strong>agricultural reserve<\/strong> and thus ensure food security. Provided, of course, that appropriate management techniques can be implemented. This is underlined by, among others, a recent Chinese <a href=\"https:\/\/journal.hep.com.cn\/fase\/EN\/10.15302\/J-FASE-2024551\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">publication<\/a> in the journal Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering.<\/p>\n<p>In the study, in particular, scientists from the <strong>China Agricultural University<\/strong> (CAU) in Beijing reviewed a number of good practices including irrigation with fresh water and groundwater control, ground cover and construction of a deep insulation layer, balancing nutrients and salt ions through fertilisation, and more.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"zauRrbAy8m\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/fao-salt-world-crops\/\">&#8220;Excess salt threatens up to 50% of global crops&#8221;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;&#8220;Excess salt threatens up to 50% of global crops&#8221;&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/fao-salt-world-crops\/embed\/#?secret=Jt6DCoGMXR#?secret=zauRrbAy8m\" data-secret=\"zauRrbAy8m\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Saline soils extend over 800 million hectares<\/h5>\n<p>Behind the spread of salinisation, experts <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/fao-salt-world-crops\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explain<\/a>, there are <strong>several factors<\/strong> including excessive or inappropriate use of fertilisers, deforestation, rising sea levels &#8211; which promote saltwater intrusion into groundwater &#8211; and climate change. The consequences? Lower soil fertility, of course, but also declining biodiversity and erosion.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Worldwide, <strong>FAO<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/newsroom\/detail\/salt-affected-soils-map-symposium\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimates<\/a>, excess salt would affect 2<strong>0 to 50 per cent of all agricultural land on the planet<\/strong>, impacting more than 1.5 billion people.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In detail, the saline and sodic soils detected as such at a depth of between 30 centimetres and one metre extend over <strong>833 million hectares<\/strong>, alongside the 424 million where the phenomenon occurs only or even at surface level. Particularly affected is <strong>China<\/strong> where, according to the researchers, there are \u201c<strong>36.7 Mha of saline-alkali land,<\/strong> of which the total area with agricultural potential of about 12.3 Mha, 2.1 Mha of which is currently cultivated salt-affected land that is not effectively used, as well as 10.2 Mha of newly formed uncultivated land.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"CobMMG1eW4\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/china-solution-saline-soils\/\">Researchers in China propose a new solution for saline-alkaline soils<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Researchers in China propose a new solution for saline-alkaline soils&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/china-solution-saline-soils\/embed\/#?secret=epOjhJY9Vs#?secret=CobMMG1eW4\" data-secret=\"CobMMG1eW4\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Different techniques for different contexts<\/h5>\n<p>The authors identified several improvement techniques for restoring saline soils, but emphasised the need to choose the <strong>best practices according to soil characteristics<\/strong> and different regions. \u201cFor instance, in the arid northwest part of China, mulched drip irrigation can significantly reduce water evaporation, control the rise of salts, and improve irrigation water use efficiency,&#8221; the researchers explain in a statement released by the China Agricultural University. \u2018In the arid areas of north-west China, for example, drip irrigation with mulch can significantly reduce water evaporation, control salt gain and improve irrigation water use efficiency,\u2019 the researchers explain in a note released by the China Agricultural University.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIn the <strong>Northeast<\/strong>, rice planting can improve the physical structure of alkaline soils and <strong>lower soil pH<\/strong>. In the <strong>North China<\/strong> Plain, appropriate utilization of saline water for agricultural irrigation is favorable to salt leaching and can also partially replace freshwater resources.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Other examples include interventions carried out as part of a special approach to improve the tolerance of plants to saline-alkaline soils. The list of practices adopted includes the planting of halophytes (i.e. plants adapted to these soils, ed), the <strong>selection of salt-tolerant crops<\/strong> and the search for functional microbial agents. These interventions, the authors explain, &#8220;can not only significantly improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land, but also improve the yield and quality of crops.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"NluVPsIEda\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/invasive-plant-salt-pollution\/\">Invasive plants can remove excess salt at the roadsides<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Invasive plants can remove excess salt at the roadsides&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/invasive-plant-salt-pollution\/embed\/#?secret=vAf7Usf2z3#?secret=NluVPsIEda\" data-secret=\"NluVPsIEda\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>New perspectives<\/h5>\n<p>The reclamation and utilisation of saline-alkaline soils in China \u201chas made important contributions to <strong>grain<\/strong> production,&#8221; the researchers explain. At present, however, there are \u201cstill many deficiencies.&#8221; Problems include the use of inefficient technologies, the need to balance irrigation for salt leaching with efficient water management, and the dissemination of the necessary tools to farmers.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_34484\" style=\"width: 710px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34484\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34484\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/suoli-salini-schema.png\" alt=\"Fig.5 Prospects of future saline-alkali land utilization and management. Fonte: Wang et al., &quot;Saline-alkali soil reclamation and utilization in China: progress and prospects&quot;, in Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. \u203a\u203a 2024, Vol. 11 \u203a\u203a Issue (2) : 216-228. DOI: 10.15302\/J-FASE-2024551 https:\/\/journal.hep.com.cn\/fase\/EN\/10.15302\/J-FASE-2024551 ATTRIBUZIONE 4.0 INTERNAZIONALE CC BY 4.0 Deed\" width=\"700\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/suoli-salini-schema.png 700w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/suoli-salini-schema-300x135.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-34484\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prospects of future saline-alkali land utilization and management. Fonte: Wang et al., &#8220;Saline-alkali soil reclamation and utilization in China: progress and prospects&#8221;, in Front. Agr. Sci. Eng. \u203a\u203a 2024, Vol. 11 \u203a\u203a Issue (2) : 216-228. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/journal.hep.com.cn\/fase\/EN\/10.15302\/J-FASE-2024551\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.15302\/J-FASE-2024551<\/a> ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL <span class=\"alt-titles\"><span class=\"tool-identifier\">CC BY 4.0<\/span><\/span>Deed<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Here are the four main recommendations of the researchers. According to them, it is necessary to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>develop region-specific <strong>restoration technologies<\/strong>, taking into account the various factors involved, including climate and salinity levels;<\/li>\n<li>regulate and carefully manage <strong>interventions in the rhizosphere<\/strong>, the part of the soil close to the roots, which controls the material, energy flow and information exchange in the plant-soil system that also involves <strong>microorganisms<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>use <strong>water resources<\/strong> according to local climatic, soil and hydrological conditions;<\/li>\n<li>design s<strong>implified and intelligent technologies<\/strong>, increasing their diffusion and application rate and attracting private capital and investment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although subject to fertility loss, saline soils represent an important agricultural reserve when treated with appropriate restoration techniques. A recent Chinese study examines them<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":34556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,134],"tags":[190,201,153,187,239,221,188,186],"class_list":["post-34543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agricultural-industry","category-articles","tag-agriculture","tag-asia-en","tag-best-practice-en","tag-climate","tag-crops","tag-food","tag-research","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Saline and alkaline soils can also contribute to agriculture<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the world, saline and sodic soils detected at a depth of one metre are extimated to extend over 833 million hectares\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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