{"id":33748,"date":"2024-06-03T11:00:10","date_gmt":"2024-06-03T09:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=33748"},"modified":"2024-06-04T10:04:54","modified_gmt":"2024-06-04T08:04:54","slug":"canopies-soil-nutrients","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/canopies-soil-nutrients\/","title":{"rendered":"This is how canopies affect the distribution of soil nutrients"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Chinese research analyzed nutrient precipitation dynamics by identifying and quantifying soil enrichment mechanisms in relation to climate and vegetation<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The aerodynamic characteristics of tree <strong>canopies<\/strong>, especially during growth periods, affect the mechanisms of <strong>nutrient<\/strong> transport from rainwater to the soil. This is highlighted in a <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11430-023-1267-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> published in the journal Science China Earth Sciences.<\/p>\n<p>Precipitation, the authors recall in a <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-05-nutrient-enrichment-driven-canopy-rainfall.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a>, &#8220;deeply couples with nutrient cycling through its interactions with atmospheric deposition and canopy interception, which alters its own chemical properties.\u201d Once precipitated into the soil, these elements affect community structure and the <strong>ecosystem<\/strong> as a whole. The mechanisms that affect their transport and impact, however, are still poorly understood.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"qOASpX46KU\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/forest-carbon-nitrogen\/\">Variety of trees promotes carbon and nitrogen sequestration<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Variety of trees promotes carbon and nitrogen sequestration&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/forest-carbon-nitrogen\/embed\/#?secret=v1bg1mIdBa#?secret=qOASpX46KU\" data-secret=\"qOASpX46KU\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Rain and nutrients<\/h5>\n<p>Scientists from several academic institutions including Zhejiang, Hebei, Sichuan, Yunnan Universities, Beijing Normal University, the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources in Lanzhou, and the University of British Columbia in Kelowna, Canada, analyzed a <strong>thousand English and Chinese academic papers<\/strong> published in the 21st century. Focusing on the distribution mechanism favored by the interaction between rain and canopies, the authors identified key ions decisive for plant survival.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>These include <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/bangladesh-fao-micronutrients-fortified-rice\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">key<\/a> <strong>elements and compounds<\/strong> such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, chloride, nitrate and sulfites. They then calculated their <strong>concentrations<\/strong> and leaching coefficients.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cWe aimed to synthesize the mechanisms, quantify the enrichments, and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones, and vegetation types and <strong>ecosystems<\/strong>,\u201d the researchers explain.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"oqMPBvLxac\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/uk-soil-nutrient-degradation\/\">UK, two thirds of soils show nutrient deficit<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;UK, two thirds of soils show nutrient deficit&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/uk-soil-nutrient-degradation\/embed\/#?secret=clKgQYNBdZ#?secret=oqMPBvLxac\" data-secret=\"oqMPBvLxac\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Canopies primarily impact magnesium and potassium<\/h5>\n<p>Canopies, as <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-642-58618-7_15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is well known<\/a>, intercept and retain some of the precipitation. Water that does not evaporate first flows through canopies and carries nutrients to the soil by <strong>dripping in two ways<\/strong>: through leaves and branches or along stems. The results of the study \u201cindicate that stemflow exhibits, on average, <strong>2.1 times greater<\/strong> ion concentration compared to throughfall.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Specifically, \u201camong the investigated ions, <strong>SO2\u22124<\/strong> (12.45 and 6.32 mg L\u22121) for stemflow and throughfall, respectively, and <strong>Cl\u2212<\/strong> (9.21 and 4.81 mg L\u22121) exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Potassium ions (13.7 and 5.8 mg) and magnesium (5.6 and 2.8), on the other hand, \u201chave the highest <strong>enrichment factors<\/strong>.\u201d In summary, their presence in the soil is determined by the canopy precipitation mechanism to a greater extent in comparison with other elements or compounds.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"z4ghMqTwuu\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/forest-fragmentation-shape-trees\/\">In the Amazon, forest fragmentation changes the shape of trees<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;In the Amazon, forest fragmentation changes the shape of trees&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/forest-fragmentation-shape-trees\/embed\/#?secret=BW1IQxdSVF#?secret=z4ghMqTwuu\" data-secret=\"z4ghMqTwuu\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Climate and humidity are factors to consider<\/h5>\n<p>On a global scale, <strong>humid regions<\/strong> at any latitude have the lowest ion concentrations and highest enrichment factors. The presence of ions is greatest in <strong>cold climates<\/strong>. Finally, \u201cshrubs, conifers, mixed forests, and artificial ecosystems (such as <strong>urban<\/strong> and agricultural ecosystems, ed.) demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees, broad- leaved plants, pure forests, and natural ecosystems.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Future research, the scientists conclude, should also focus on <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-moisture-space-nasa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soil moisture<\/a>. Indeed, analysis of this peculiar factor, they note, would allow for a better understanding of the impact of precipitation <strong>redistribution<\/strong> on soil enrichment processes, patterns and nutrient balance in terrestrial ecosystems.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chinese research analyzed nutrient precipitation dynamics by identifying and quantifying soil enrichment mechanisms in relation to climate and vegetation<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":33755,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[187,204,165,237,188,186],"class_list":["post-33748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-climate","tag-ecosystems","tag-forests","tag-organic-matter","tag-research","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO 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