{"id":30485,"date":"2023-12-20T11:00:46","date_gmt":"2023-12-20T10:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/frammentazione-foreste-alberi\/"},"modified":"2023-12-27T11:19:05","modified_gmt":"2023-12-27T10:19:05","slug":"forest-fragmentation-shape-trees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/forest-fragmentation-shape-trees\/","title":{"rendered":"In the Amazon, forest fragmentation changes the shape of trees"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>A study from the University of Helsinki highlights how trees in forests change their appearance to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Results are relevant on a global scale<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The fragmentation of forests &#8211; that is, the process of dividing forest areas into smaller parts by cutting down plants &#8211; affects the shape taken by <strong>trees<\/strong>. This is revealed in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-023-44004-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a> from the <strong>University of Helsinki<\/strong>. The investigation, conducted in the Amazon, reveals for the first time a previously ignored dynamic while simultaneously &#8220;shedding light on the impact of human activity on the tropical environment and, consequently, on <strong>climate change<\/strong> in a new way,&#8221; says a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.helsinki.fi\/en\/news\/climate-change\/forest-fragmentation-changing-shape-amazonian-trees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> from the Finnish university.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"8aWDxDdZMo\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/carbon-trees-finland\/\">Forests, climate and carbon storage: the lesson of Finnish trees<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Forests, climate and carbon storage: the lesson of Finnish trees&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/carbon-trees-finland\/embed\/#?secret=q0fze5HrgM#?secret=8aWDxDdZMo\" data-secret=\"8aWDxDdZMo\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Deforestation affects the appearance of trees<\/h5>\n<p>The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, showed that trees growing at forest edges have a different shape than those growing in interior areas. The edges of<strong> deforested areas<\/strong>, in particular, experience higher temperatures (due to a lower<a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/climate-trees-cities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0mitigation effect of trees<\/a>) and higher light levels.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>In this scenario, trees are able <strong>to adapt to changes in their living conditions<\/strong> and environment. Yeah, but how?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>To answer this question, <strong>Eduardo Maeda<\/strong>, associate professor at the University of Helsinki, coordinated an international project to study tree forms in the tropical rainforest. The investigation was based on the analysis of data collected by terrestrial laser scanning, which led to the 3D representation of trees.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_30372\" style=\"width: 1769px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30372\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30372\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d.jpg\" alt=\"La scansione laser terrestre (TLS) offre nuove prospettive sulla struttura tridimensionale (3D) delle piante, compresa la descrizione di tratti architettonici a scala fine come l'asimmetria degli alberi e la distribuzione verticale dei rami. I ricercatori hanno utilizzato i dati TLS che hanno prodotto una spaziatura dei punti di 1,4 cm a una distanza di 20 m dallo scanner. Immagine: Nunes, M.H., Vaz, M.C., Camargo, J.L.C. et al. Edge effects on tree architecture exacerbate biomass loss of fragmented Amazonian forests. Nat Commun 14, 8129 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-023-44004-5 CC BY 4.0 DEED\" width=\"1759\" height=\"1032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d.jpg 1759w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d-300x176.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d-1030x604.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d-768x451.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d-1536x901.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d-1500x880.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/alberi-3d-705x414.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1759px) 100vw, 1759px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-30372\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) offers new perspectives into the three-dimensional (3D) structure of trees. The scanning allowed descriptions of fine-scale architectural traits such as tree asymmetry and vertical distribution of branches. Researchers used TLS data that resulted in a point spacing of 1.4\u2009cm at a 20\u2009m distance from the scanner. Image: Nunes, M.H., Vaz, M.C., Camargo, J.L.C. et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-023-44004-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Edge effects on tree architecture exacerbate biomass loss of fragmented Amazonian forests<\/a>. Nat Commun 14, 8129 (2023). CC BY 4.0 DEED Attribution 4.0 International<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>The study in the forest<\/h5>\n<p>The authors, the study says, conducted &#8220;ground surveys of terrestrial LiDAR in Central Amazonia to explore the influence of forest edge effects on tree architecture and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allometry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allometry<\/a>, as well as forest biomass, <strong>40 years after fragmentation<\/strong>.&#8221; In doing so, they found &#8220;that young trees colonising the forest fragments have thicker branches and architectural traits that optimise for light capture, which result in <strong>50% more ligneous volume<\/strong> than their counterparts of similar stem size and height in the forest interior.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>However, the authors also simultaneously observed a <strong>disproportionate reduction in the height<\/strong> of some large trees, resulting in a 30 percent decrease in their volume.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;Despite the substantial wood production of colonising trees,&#8221; the survey continues, on balance, &#8220;the lower height of some large trees has resulted in<strong> a net loss of 6.0 Mg ha\u22121 of aboveground biomass<\/strong> \u2013 representing 2.3% of the aboveground biomass of edge forests. Our findings indicate a strong influence of edge effects on tree architecture and allometry, and uncover an overlooked factor that likely exacerbates carbon losses in fragmented forests.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"dJFlwOww85\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/lula-effect-amazon-deforestation-falls\/\">It&#8217;s the Lula effect? Amazon deforestation falls by 34% in six months<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;It&#8217;s the Lula effect? Amazon deforestation falls by 34% in six months&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/lula-effect-amazon-deforestation-falls\/embed\/#?secret=W6WUciq5JL#?secret=dJFlwOww85\" data-secret=\"dJFlwOww85\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>Effects on carbon sequestration<\/h5>\n<p>The observed phenomena obviously impact <strong>carbon<\/strong> management as well. In the observed area, for example, the amount of biomass that binds carbon dioxide has decreased. Considering that tropical rainforests continue to cover vast areas and are an important carbon sink for the Planet, the researchers note, the observed changes in individual trees make the results globally relevant.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The effect of human activity on <strong>climate change<\/strong> will need to be re-evaluated,&#8221; Maeda said in the statement. &#8220;This study provides new information on the adaptation of the rainforest to environmental change, as well as tools for researchers and decision-makers who are considering how to mitigate climate change.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A study from the University of Helsinki highlights how trees in forests change their appearance to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Results are relevant on a global scale<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":30488,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[216,220,187,165,237,186],"class_list":["post-30485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-amazon","tag-carbon","tag-climate","tag-forests","tag-organic-matter","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>In the Amazon, forest fragmentation changes the shape of trees<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the Amazon forest, there is a disproportionate reduction in the height of trees and a 30 percent decrease in their ligneous volume\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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