{"id":30359,"date":"2023-12-15T11:00:49","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T10:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/foreste-sulle-emissioni-ancora-dati-divergenti-ma-ce-una-soluzione\/"},"modified":"2023-12-20T10:16:07","modified_gmt":"2023-12-20T09:16:07","slug":"data-emissions-forest-diverging-there-is-a-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/data-emissions-forest-diverging-there-is-a-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"Data on forest emissions are still diverging. But there is a solution"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Forest carbon budget estimates show discrepancies between satellite data and national registry information. International research explains how to align them<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>Calculating the<strong> net carbon flux<\/strong> in forests remains a complex task based on variable methods that return different results. This is no small problem for analysts as well as policymakers, who are called upon to assess the effectiveness of climate mitigation initiatives undertaken. The discrepancies that still exist between the <strong>different estimates<\/strong>, however, can be overcome. This is supported by an <a href=\"https:\/\/cbmjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13021-023-00240-2#Sec25\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">international study<\/a> recently published in the journal Carbon Balance and Management that involved authors from several universities and research centers.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"meltGRrbi4\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/artificial-intelligence-deforestation\/\">Artificial intelligence challenges deforestation in Brazil<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Artificial intelligence challenges deforestation in Brazil&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/artificial-intelligence-deforestation\/embed\/#?secret=HBZaJCP5L1#?secret=meltGRrbi4\" data-secret=\"meltGRrbi4\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Satellites and inventories<\/h5>\n<p>At the heart of the discussion is the calculation of net forest carbon flux, or the <strong>balance between the amount of element released and the amount of element sequestered<\/strong> by these ecosystems. The figure is measured as the average value per hectare over a given period. In the survey, the team of scientists, led by <strong>Viola Heinrich<\/strong>, a researcher in the School of Geographical Sciences at the University of Bristol, described the causes behind the gap between estimates based on satellite data and country estimates reported in national greenhouse gas inventories.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Satellites<\/strong>, observes a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Applications\/Observing_the_Earth\/Space_for_our_climate\/Minding_the_gap_on_tropical_forest_carbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> released by the European Space Agency, &#8220;provide independent information to show how forests change over time, which allows rates of carbon flux to be estimated.&#8221; These measurements can then be compared with results reported in <strong>inventories<\/strong>. These are typically compiled by combining statistics on surveyed activities with specific emission factors or models. And they often return divergent results from those measured from space.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"gB00m8zlpW\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/clima-a-rischio-biodiversita-brasile-orientale\/\">Climate change puts 40 percent of biodiversity in eastern Brazil at risk<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Climate change puts 40 percent of biodiversity in eastern Brazil at risk&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/clima-a-rischio-biodiversita-brasile-orientale\/embed\/#?secret=7f2hfZ4CVx#?secret=gB00m8zlpW\" data-secret=\"gB00m8zlpW\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>At the root of the forest data discrepancies<\/h5>\n<p>According to Heinrich, at the root of the gaps between satellite data and those reported in inventories is the ability to assess whether or not the observed area is managed by humans. The case of <strong>Brazil<\/strong>, an <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/lula-effect-amazon-deforestation-falls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">epicenter of global deforestation observations<\/a>, is illustrative. &#8220;Between 2001 and 2020, the EO-derived estimates of all forest-related emissions and removals indicate that Brazil was a <strong>net sink<\/strong> of carbon (minus <strong>200 million tons<\/strong> per year),&#8221; the study explains.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;While Brazil\u2019s National Greenhouse Gas Inventories reported a <strong>net carbon source<\/strong> (<strong>800 million tons<\/strong> per year).&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>According to top-down observations, in short, the forest was absorbing more carbon than it was releasing while the records stated otherwise. The fact, Heinrich further explains, is that &#8220;National reports can define an area of forest as managed, but <strong>satellites cannot distinguish<\/strong> whether they are managed or natural.&#8221; When the datasets are adapted by adding this information, however, everything changes.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"jeDIHLqMIH\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/sensors-ai-amazon-deforestation\/\">Sensors and AI fight deforestation in the Amazon<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Sensors and AI fight deforestation in the Amazon&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/sensors-ai-amazon-deforestation\/embed\/#?secret=Kt6XXzAxlk#?secret=jeDIHLqMIH\" data-secret=\"jeDIHLqMIH\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Aligning emission estimates<\/h5>\n<p>By including the variable related to the category of forest examined (managed or natural) and intervening in the methodology, in fact, the authors achieved a substantial alignment of the satellite data with those of the Brazilian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory. In fact, the analysis from space adjusted in this way returned a negative balance of <strong>600 million tons per year<\/strong> of CO2 (amount absorbed minus amount released), quite comparable to that indicated in the inventory.<\/p>\n<p>The authors also analyzed available space data for two other countries, <strong>Indonesia<\/strong> and <strong>Malaysia<\/strong>. In the latter case, in particular, results from satellites and logs show &#8220;a considerable difference.&#8221; The survey turned up &#8220;specific aspects where differing approaches may explain divergence, including uncertainties and inaccuracies,&#8221; Heinrich said. The study, she added, &#8220;highlights the importance of enhanced transparency, as set out by the Paris Agreement, to enable alignment between different approaches for independent measuring and verification.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Data on forest emissions are still diverging. But there is a solution<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":30362,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[216,220,187,165,247,188],"class_list":["post-30359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-amazon","tag-carbon","tag-climate","tag-forests","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Data on forest emissions are still diverging. But there is a solution<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Satellites do not distinguish between a managed and a natural forest. 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By adding this information we get estimates aligned to the records\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/data-emissions-forest-diverging-there-is-a-solution\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Re Soil Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-12-15T10:00:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-20T09:16:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1200px-Mato_Grosso_deforestation_Pedro_Biondi_12ago2007-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"837\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/environment\\\/data-emissions-forest-diverging-there-is-a-solution\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/environment\\\/data-emissions-forest-diverging-there-is-a-solution\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"headline\":\"Data on forest emissions are still diverging. 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