{"id":29259,"date":"2023-11-22T11:00:41","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T10:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/tomografia-microplastiche-suolo\/"},"modified":"2023-12-06T00:21:23","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T23:21:23","slug":"tomography-microplastics-soil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/tomography-microplastics-soil\/","title":{"rendered":"Tomography helps detect microplastics in soil"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>A German research team has developed a new method for detecting microplastics. The technique employs neutron beams and X-rays to generate a complete image<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Microplastics<\/strong> are a dangerous and widespread pollutant to the environment at present, with claimed damage to soil, the ecosystem and human health. But what happens to these particles in different soils? How are they transported once broken into smaller pieces, changing soil structures? A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0048969723065543?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> from the <strong>University of Potsdam<\/strong>, Germany, tries to answer these questions.<\/p>\n<p>The research, published in the journal Science of The Total Environment, specifically proposes a<strong> new method of investigation<\/strong> based on tomography using <strong>X-rays<\/strong> and <strong>neutron beams<\/strong> that, according to the authors, would overcome some of the problems associated with traditional systems.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"iRDPrKctJq\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/wwf-ellenmacarthur-pollution-plastic\/\">&#8220;We need a legally binding treaty on plastic pollution&#8221;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;&#8220;We need a legally binding treaty on plastic pollution&#8221;&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/wwf-ellenmacarthur-pollution-plastic\/embed\/#?secret=dPSkmfLJlf#?secret=iRDPrKctJq\" data-secret=\"iRDPrKctJq\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A new method<\/h5>\n<p>&#8220;Increasingly, environmental research efforts seek to understand how the continuous input of microplastics into terrestrial environments alters soil physicochemical properties and affects plants and other soil biota,&#8221; the study states. &#8220;However, fundamental understanding is hampered by the destructive nature of current analytical techniques, which typically require the<strong> disruption of soil samples<\/strong> and often the removal of soil organic matter.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>All of this, however, results in the <strong>loss of essential information<\/strong> about soil microstructure and the spatial distribution of microplastic particles.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The group of scientists, led by <strong>Sascha Oswald<\/strong> and <strong>Christian T\u00f6tzke<\/strong>, professor and researcher respectively at the University of Potsdam, set up a unique instrument at the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble. Here, points out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.helmholtz-berlin.de\/en\/news\/microplastics-in-soil-tomography-with-neutrons-and-x-rays-shows-where-particles-lay-in-soil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a statement<\/a> from the Helmholtz-Zentrum for the Study of Materials and Energy in Berlin, one of the institutions involved in the research, &#8220;samples can be analysed with neutrons and X-rays to create <strong>3D tomographies<\/strong> simultaneously, i.e. without altering the sample. While neutrons visualise organic and synthetic particles, X-ray tomography shows the mineral particles and the structure they form.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_29036\" style=\"width: 2223px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29036\" class=\"size-full wp-image-29036\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche.jpg\" alt=\"Nei tomogrammi neutronici le microplastiche sono chiaramente identificate. La tomografia a raggi X, invece fornisce una visione della disposizione dei grani di sabbia. Una volta sovrapposte, le diverse immagini forniscono una descrizione del campione di terreno. Foto: Christian T\u00f6tzke et al., &quot;Non-invasive 3D analysis of microplastic particles in sandy soil \u2014 Exploring feasible options and capabilities&quot;, Science of The Total Environment Volume 907, 10 January 2024, 167927 CC BY 4.0 DEED Attribution 4.0 International https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0048969723065543?via%3Dihub \" width=\"2213\" height=\"867\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche.jpg 2213w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-300x118.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-1030x404.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-768x301.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-1536x602.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-2048x802.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-1500x588.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/tomografia-microplastiche-705x276.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2213px) 100vw, 2213px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-29036\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">In neutron tomograms, microplastics are clearly identified. X-ray tomography, on the other hand, provides a view of the arrangement of sand grains. When superimposed, the different images provide a description of the soil sample. Photo: Christian T\u00f6tzke et al., &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0048969723065543?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Non-invasive 3D analysis of microplastic particles in sandy soil \u2014 Exploring feasible options and capabilities<\/a>&#8220;, Science of The Total Environment Volume 907, 10 January 2024, 167927 CC BY 4.0 DEED Attribution 4.0 International<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>Two images superimposed<\/h5>\n<p>To test the method, T\u00f6tzke prepared a series of soil samples with sand, organic components such as peat or charcoal, and artificial microplastic particles. In neutron tomograms, the statement says, <strong>microplastics are clearly identified<\/strong>, as are some of the organic components. X-ray tomography, on the other hand, provides a view of the arrangement of the sand grains, while the organic and plastic particles are shown as diffuse voids. When <strong>superimposed<\/strong>, the two images provide a complete picture of the soil sample.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>All this allows scientists<strong> to estimate the size and shape of the microplastic particles<\/strong>, as well as the changes to the soil structure caused by their incorporation.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The scientists also analyzed sandy soil from a field near Beelitz, near Berlin, by mixing pieces of a <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/polyethylene-mulches-negative-effect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mulch film<\/a>. That is, the classic plastic sheeting used to protect crops whose degradation generates <strong>soil<\/strong> <strong>contamination<\/strong>. &#8220;We were able to show that fragments of such films can <strong>change the water flow<\/strong> in the soil. Microplastic fibres, on the other hand, created small cracks in the soil matrix,&#8221; T\u00f6tzke explained.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_12380\" style=\"width: 962px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12380\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12380\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Schermata-2021-12-14-alle-12.06.21.png\" alt=\"Stima delle quantit\u00e0 annue di plastica utilizzata nei terreni agricoli mondiali divise per tipologie di prodotto. FONTE: Assessment of Agricultural plastics and their sustainability. FAO, 2021\" width=\"952\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Schermata-2021-12-14-alle-12.06.21.png 952w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Schermata-2021-12-14-alle-12.06.21-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Schermata-2021-12-14-alle-12.06.21-768x423.png 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Schermata-2021-12-14-alle-12.06.21-705x388.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 952px) 100vw, 952px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-12380\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Estimated annual amounts of plastics used in global agricultural lands divided by product type. SOURCE: Assessment of Agricultural plastics and their sustainability. FAO, 2021<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>Agriculture and microplastics<\/h5>\n<p>The problem of microplastic pollution is obviously linked to the continued widespread use of non-biodegradable synthetic materials in agriculture. Two years ago <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/publications\/card\/en\/c\/CB7856EN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report<\/a> by FAO showed that <strong>agricultural supply chains use 12.5 million tons<\/strong> of plastic products each year. Another <strong>37.3 million tons are used in food packaging.<\/strong> The largest users are the various segments of agricultural production and livestock farming, with 10.2 million tons per year combined. This is followed by fisheries and aquaculture with 2.1 million tons and forestry with 200 thousand tons.<\/p>\n<p>The U.N. agency&#8217;s study, of course, also <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/plastic-contamination-in-agricultural-land\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pointed<\/a> to the problem of <strong>managing worn-out sheets<\/strong>. The volume of which, in Europe alone, amounts to 15 thousand tons annually. This is also why the <strong>FAO<\/strong> itself has officially recommended the replacement of synthetic mulching films with <strong>biodegradable and compostable ones<\/strong>. Whose usefulness, by the way, <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.european-bioplastics.org\/PR\/2017\/EUBP_PR_EP_Plenum_votes_for_biodegradable_mulch_films_20171024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was formally recognized<\/a> by the European Parliament already in October 2017.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A German research team has developed a new method for detecting microplastics. The technique employs neutron beams and X-rays to generate a complete image<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":29261,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,134],"tags":[190,204,247,150,188],"class_list":["post-29259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-innovation-technology","category-articles","tag-agriculture","tag-ecosystems","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-plastics","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tomography helps detect microplastics in soil<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A new method makes it possible to estimate the size and shape of microplastics as well as the resulting changes in soil structure\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/tomography-microplastics-soil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tomography helps detect microplastics in soil\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A new method makes it possible to estimate the size and shape of microplastics as well as the resulting changes in soil structure\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/tomography-microplastics-soil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Re Soil Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-22T10:00:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-05T23:21:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/microplastiche-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"526\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/tomography-microplastics-soil\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/tomography-microplastics-soil\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"headline\":\"Tomography helps detect microplastics in soil\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-22T10:00:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-05T23:21:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/tomography-microplastics-soil\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":746,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/tomography-microplastics-soil\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/11\\\/microplastiche-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"agriculture\",\"ecosystems\",\"monitoraggio\",\"plastics\",\"research\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Innovation &amp; 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