{"id":28642,"date":"2023-11-10T11:00:40","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T10:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/stati-generali-suolo-2023\/"},"modified":"2023-11-10T14:20:29","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T13:20:29","slug":"general-states-soil-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/circular-bioeconomy\/general-states-soil-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"For sustainable carbon cycles we need to focus on nature-based solutions"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"lRu31\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Second edition of the General States of the Soil at Ecomondo in Rimini.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Dozens of experts attended to discuss the best strategies capable of bringing organic carbon back into degraded soils and reducing CO2 in the atmosphere<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Emanuele Isonio<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>60-70% of European soils are <strong>unhealthy<\/strong>. 13% subject to <strong>erosion<\/strong> with losses in agricultural yields amounting to 1.25 billion euros. 25% of land in central, eastern and southern Europe is at high or very high risk of <strong>desertification<\/strong>. 78% of <strong>soil<\/strong> <strong>sealing<\/strong> occurs in agricultural areas. Between 200 and 800 thousand deaths per year caused by soil <strong>contamination<\/strong>. 390 thousand sites to be reclaimed.<\/p>\n<p>These are the most up-to-date numbers on the soil emergency released by <strong>Mirco<\/strong> <strong>Barbero<\/strong>, head of the Soil Team, Unit Land Use &amp; Management, General Directorate for Environment of the EU Commission. Occasion, the second edition of the <strong>General States of the Soil,<\/strong> organized in Rimini by the Re Soil Foundation in collaboration with the Joint Research Center of the European Commission and the <strong>Ecomondo<\/strong> Scientific Committee.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"gKS67I7aeZ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/climate-un-food-crisis\/\">UN official: &#8220;A great climate-related food crisis is coming sooner than expected&#8221;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;UN official: &#8220;A great climate-related food crisis is coming sooner than expected&#8221;&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/climate-un-food-crisis\/embed\/#?secret=iJSV62AWVc#?secret=gKS67I7aeZ\" data-secret=\"gKS67I7aeZ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5 class=\"lRu31\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Looking for replicable best practices<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<div class=\"lRu31\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">An opportunity, that of the General States of the Soil, to represent with Italian and international experts the state of development of works to protect the soil, a highly underestimated and increasingly at risk resource.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">But the second edition was above all dedicated to analyzing which are the most effective tools for building <strong>sustainable carbon cycles.<\/strong><\/span><\/span>  <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">At the discussion table will be experts from the European Commission and the competent Italian ministries but also good practices implemented by farmers who are acting to spread the <strong>best innovation solutions<\/strong> and reverse the trend of soil degradation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p>\u201cBuilding sustainable carbon cycles means being able to bring organic substance and carbon back into the soil, improving its health\u201d explains<strong> David Chiaramonti,<\/strong> full professor of Energy Systems and Energy Economics at the Polytechnic of Turin and member of the <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/foundation\/technical-scientific-committee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technical Scientific Committee<\/a> of Re Soil Foundation. \u201cThe most effective strategies to achieve the objective are different: <strong>there is no single solution<\/strong> but they must be based on the agroclimatic reality and the characteristics of the soils in which one operates. Well-studied <strong>crop rotations<\/strong> that bring organic substance and nutrients back into the soil, adoption of equally sustainable agricultural techniques such as <strong>cover<\/strong> <strong>crops<\/strong> and <strong>mulching<\/strong>. Or, again, technological solutions such as composting and biochar production through carbonization of agricultural residues and by-products capable of being reintroduced into the soil and contributing to the improvement of its microbiological life&#8221;.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"OJsD3U0V3a\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/plastic-contamination-in-agricultural-land\/\">Pollution, there is more plastic in agricultural land than in the oceans<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Pollution, there is more plastic in agricultural land than in the oceans&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/plastic-contamination-in-agricultural-land\/embed\/#?secret=cK8IkDLscM#?secret=OJsD3U0V3a\" data-secret=\"OJsD3U0V3a\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5 class=\"lRu31\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">The benefits of the European soil law<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>To do all this, however, it is necessary to know as much as possible the <strong>condition<\/strong> <strong>of<\/strong> <strong>continental<\/strong> <strong>soils<\/strong>. And on this front, especially in some states, there is a lot to do. It is precisely the need to fill this knowledge gap and to have homogeneous and comparable data referring to all EU countries that pushed the European Commission to present, last July, its legislative proposal on the monitoring of European soils. \u201cThe text \u2013 <strong>Barbero<\/strong> explained to the audience present in the room \u2013 has the aim of building a flexible and proportionate intervention system, which involves all the soils within the Union. The objective is to reach the <strong>definitive adoption<\/strong> of the law by 2025\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Once approved, the law will make it necessary for member states to build a <strong>monitoring network<\/strong> on the various indicators of soil health. In this sense, <strong>Italy<\/strong> has an <strong>advantage<\/strong>, thanks in particular to the work carried out by ISPRA (Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research): &#8220;We are in a very good position with regards to the request for monitoring of <strong>land consumption,<\/strong> waterproofing. The Italian system is already suitable for responding to European needs&#8221; explains <strong>Francesca Assennato<\/strong>, member of the Ispra Soil and Contaminated Sites Protection Unit. \u201cWe will have to equip ourselves for <strong>other soil indicators<\/strong> because systematic monitoring is not yet present in all regions. In particular we must work on the organic carbon content, erosion, compaction, salinisation: all degradation phenomena to be monitored to have a better idea of the quality of our soils and help us identify the best actions to adopt&#8221;.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"QqSkUyWdcf\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/economics-and-finance\/eu-sustainable-soil-costs-benefits\/\">A sustainable soil pays off as enefits exceed costs by 1.7 times, EU says<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;A sustainable soil pays off as enefits exceed costs by 1.7 times, EU says&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/economics-and-finance\/eu-sustainable-soil-costs-benefits\/embed\/#?secret=DLO1oNFaGN#?secret=QqSkUyWdcf\" data-secret=\"QqSkUyWdcf\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5 class=\"lRu31\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">The importance of the living lab network<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">To disseminate good practices on the sustainable carbon cycles front, the network of <strong>lighthouse<\/strong> <strong>farms<\/strong> and <strong>living<\/strong> <strong>labs<\/strong> envisaged by the <a href=\"https:\/\/research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu\/funding\/funding-opportunities\/funding-programmes-and-open-calls\/horizon-europe\/eu-missions-horizon-europe\/soil-deal-europe_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EU Mission Soil <\/a>will play a crucial role.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">\u201cThey will allow us to guide the transition towards healthy soils by 2030. The first living labs within the mission soil will start in 2024 and will allow us to have over 200 test sites for local experiments in urban and rural areas\u201d explains <strong>Kerstin Rosenow<\/strong>,<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Head of Research and Innovation Unit, DG AGRI.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">On the other hand, numerous initiatives are underway aimed at returning (or maintaining) carbon to the soil by removing (or preventing) it from ending up in the atmosphere, thus worsening the presence of climate-altering gases.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">Valuable best practices for<strong> identifying solutions<\/strong> that can be replicated on a large scale.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h5 class=\"lRu31\"><span class=\"HwtZe\" lang=\"en\"><span class=\"jCAhz ChMk0b\"><span class=\"ryNqvb\">The Record case<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>One of these is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.re-cord.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RE-CORD<\/a>, acronym for <em>Renewable Energy Consortium for Research and Demonstration<\/em>. A non-profit research body, founded in 2010 on the initiative of the University of Florence and today involved in various activities ranging from the circular economy to <strong>green chemistry<\/strong> to bioenergy.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe lab has equipment worth around 2 million euros and something more in the demonstration systems department. The turnover is approximately 1.5 million euros and <strong>25 researchers<\/strong> collaborate at the Center. It is currently involved in 16 projects, national and international. It is active in 6 Horizon 2020 projects, two of which as coordinator&#8221; explains <strong>Andrea Salimbeni<\/strong>, Head of Unit Raw materials &amp; carbon recycling at Record. \u201cThe consortium is currently working on various projects specializing in treatments such as pyrolysis, biofuel production, and has gained great experience on hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), important for turning waste into energy. It studies, for example, how to use <strong>algae<\/strong> as much as used cooking oil, experimenting with production processes that enhance <strong>lignin<\/strong> as a precursor of aviation fuels\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Second edition of the General States of the Soil at Ecomondo in Rimini. Dozens of experts attended to discuss the best strategies capable of bringing organic carbon back into degraded soils and reducing CO2 in the atmosphere<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":28645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[155,134],"tags":[153,279,161,227,237,188],"class_list":["post-28642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-circular-bioeconomy","category-articles","tag-best-practice-en","tag-circular-bioeconomy","tag-composting","tag-italy","tag-organic-matter","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&quot;Nature-based solutions for sustainable carbon cycles&quot;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The General Soil States 2023 at Ecomondo dedicated to the best strategies for 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