{"id":27718,"date":"2023-09-22T11:00:47","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T09:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/lombrichi-foreste-canada\/"},"modified":"2023-09-29T11:06:17","modified_gmt":"2023-09-29T09:06:17","slug":"earthworms-canadian-forests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/earthworms-canadian-forests\/","title":{"rendered":"Earthworms are changing Canadian forests"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Invasive species of earthworm affect microbial composition by altering overall soil conditions, Canadian research explains. Influencing nutrient and carbon cycling<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The increasingly invasive presence of <strong>earthworms<\/strong> is changing soil composition in Canada&#8217;s boreal forests. This is suggested by a <a href=\"https:\/\/soil.copernicus.org\/articles\/9\/461\/2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> of the <strong>University of Alberta<\/strong>. The survey, one of the first to highlight the link between the species and the microbial community paints a particularly interesting picture. In fact, the ongoing change could affect ecosystem services carried out by the soil.<\/p>\n<p>Fungi and soil bacteria, in particular, are the <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/healty-soil-microbes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">main factors<\/a> affecting plants&#8217; management of the carbon and nutrient cycle. &#8220;As earthworm invasion progresses in these boreal systems, these changes in the soil microbial communities may have an impact on forests at a large scale,&#8221; said <strong>Justine Lejoly<\/strong>, researcher and author of the research, in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ualberta.ca\/folio\/2023\/09\/invasive-earthworms-are-changing-the-soil-in-canadas-boreal-forests.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> released by the Canadian university.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"I2q0ivzylU\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/carbon-climate-fungi-soil\/\">Carbon keepers fungi are the soil secret weapon against climate change<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Carbon keepers fungi are the soil secret weapon against climate change&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/carbon-climate-fungi-soil\/embed\/#?secret=K4FmTiTc9V#?secret=I2q0ivzylU\" data-secret=\"I2q0ivzylU\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The study<\/h5>\n<p>&#8220;While most research on the topic has been carried out in northern temperate forests&#8221; the study states, &#8220;little is known about the impact of invasive earthworms on<strong> soil microbial communities<\/strong> in hemiboreal and boreal forests, characterized by a slower decay of organic matter (OM).&#8221; The influence exerted on the population composition of microorganisms stems from the ability of earthworms to influence the structure, pH and availability of nutrients and organic matter in the soil.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The authors analyzed soil samples from different forest sites in <strong>Alberta and Quebec<\/strong>. They compared areas characterized by the presence of <strong>invasive<\/strong> earthworms and those that were devoid of them.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In summary, &#8220;In mineral soil horizons, earthworm invasion was associated with higher fungal biomass and greater relative abundance of ectomycorrhizal <strong>fungi<\/strong>.&#8221; At the same time, &#8220;Oligotrophic <strong>bacteria<\/strong> were less abundant in invaded mineral soils (\u2026) while the opposite was observed for the copiotrophic Bacteroidota.&#8221; Finally, &#8220;earthworm-invaded mineral soils harboured higher fungal and bacterial species diversity and richness.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"3Q1YTJw0Ul\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/carbon-canada-survey-prairies\/\">New study will map carbon sequestration in Canadian prairies<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;New study will map carbon sequestration in Canadian prairies&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/carbon-canada-survey-prairies\/embed\/#?secret=RUCepo29nM#?secret=3Q1YTJw0Ul\" data-secret=\"3Q1YTJw0Ul\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A boost for diversity<\/h5>\n<p>The study, then, showed how earthworms were able to influence <strong>the<\/strong> <strong>presence of microbes<\/strong> in the first layer of mineral soil, that is, below the organic-rich forest soil belt. Which, according to the researcher, would appear surprising. Previous studies, the research notes, had shown by contrast how earthworms contributed to reduced plant <strong>diversity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The increased presence of fungi capable of living symbiotically with trees highlighted by the study could have positive effects. &#8220;In theory, having higher diversity means there are more types of bacteria and fungi present, which potentially makes them more resilient to disturbance and better equipped to <strong>maintain soil functions<\/strong> in different scenarios,&#8221; Lejoly indeed points out. But there is more.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"4Cno528wXQ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-fungi-forest-climate\/\">Can soil fungi counteract climate change?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Can soil fungi counteract climate change?&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-fungi-forest-climate\/embed\/#?secret=r0gUJbHnEv#?secret=4Cno528wXQ\" data-secret=\"4Cno528wXQ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Beware of carbon<\/h5>\n<p>In fact, the survey also highlighted a potentially problematic aspect: the presence of earthworms, the research still points out, would promote the spread of bacteria characterized by a strong growth rate. This issue would result in a possible <strong>acceleration of nutrient cycling<\/strong> with a consequent <strong>release of carbon<\/strong> into the atmosphere.<\/p>\n<p>This mechanism seems to confirm the results of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0016706121003426?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">previous study<\/a> that earthworm activity could reduce the <strong>amount of carbon stored in forest<\/strong> soil by as much as 94 percent. In addition, the potential increase in nutrients caused by earthworm activity could change the composition of plant species in boreal forests. Thus facilitating the growth of invasive plants and increased grass cover.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Invasive species of earthworm affect microbial composition by altering overall soil conditions, Canadian research explains. Influencing nutrient and carbon cycling<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[200,220,204,165,247,237,188,186],"class_list":["post-27718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-biodiversity","tag-carbon","tag-ecosystems","tag-forests","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-organic-matter","tag-research","tag-soil"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Earthworms are changing Canadian forests<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"University of Alberta research analyzed the effects of the presence of earthworms in Canadian forest site soils\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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