{"id":27439,"date":"2023-09-06T11:00:55","date_gmt":"2023-09-06T09:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/macinazione-terreno-fluoro\/"},"modified":"2023-09-06T18:33:59","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T16:33:59","slug":"ball-milling-soil-fluoride","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/ball-milling-soil-fluoride\/","title":{"rendered":"Ball milling cleans soil of persistent fluoride"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Researchers in New Zealand are testing a solution against fluoride pollution. The technique has made it possible to degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at the molecular level with 99.9 percent efficacy<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A group of researchers has successfully tested a system for the removal of fluoride-based pollutants, the so-called <strong>PFAS or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances<\/strong> said <a href=\"https:\/\/www.auckland.ac.nz\/en\/news\/2023\/08\/14\/forever-chemicals-destroyed.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an article<\/a> released by the University of Auckland, in New Zealand. The findings assume considerable importance given the hazardous nature of these <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/flourinated-pesticides-health-environment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">substances<\/a> contained in various products &#8211; including fire extinguisher foam &#8211; that are extremely difficult to dispose of.<\/p>\n<p>The operation, says a <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2023\/va\/d3va00099k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> published in the journal Environmental Science Advances, was carried out in the laboratories of the university. And, the article states, it &#8220;destroyed <strong>99.88 percent to 100 percent of PFAS<\/strong> in soil from a decommissioned New Zealand Defence Force firefighting training site and in firefighting foam.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"EdnHi9P0lD\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/germany-pesticides-reduction\/\">Germany, the reduction in the use of pesticides is still too slow<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Germany, the reduction in the use of pesticides is still too slow&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/germany-pesticides-reduction\/embed\/#?secret=HNPdtpqkAU#?secret=EdnHi9P0lD\" data-secret=\"EdnHi9P0lD\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The procedure<\/h5>\n<p>The researchers relied on a procedure known as &#8220;<strong>ball milling<\/strong>,&#8221; a system that closely resembles the typical mortar-and-pestle-based crushing technique used in cooking. In this case, however, the operation is carried out by a machine capable of moving the balls at <strong>particularly high speeds<\/strong> to the point of degrading PFAS at the molecular level.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The initiative, which has involved scientists at the New Zealand university working with the <strong>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency<\/strong>, is based on a multi-year experiment.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;Laboratory benchtop experiments at the University from 2018 to 2023 typically involved<strong> 10 to 30 small metal balls<\/strong> colliding to destroy PFAS in soil, in firefighting foam, and in media such as activated carbon, which is used to remove PFAS from water,&#8221; the article explains. &#8220;The process left an inert powder suitable for being a grinding additive or non-hazardous fill.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"lDRUYkAfwH\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/contamination-fluorine-soil-research-pfas\/\">Worrying data in the U.S. on PFAS contamination in soil<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Worrying data in the U.S. on PFAS contamination in soil&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/contamination-fluorine-soil-research-pfas\/embed\/#?secret=UKelfbx5ia#?secret=lDRUYkAfwH\" data-secret=\"lDRUYkAfwH\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The dangers of fluoride compounds<\/h5>\n<p>Not surprisingly called <em>forever chemicals<\/em> because of their persistence in soils, PFASs are highly stable substances that appear in products designed to resist grease and water and are <strong>not easily biodegradable<\/strong>, Scientific American magazine previously <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/pesticides-are-spreading-toxic-lsquo-forever-chemicals-rsquo-scientists-warn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">noted<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>These compounds are typically found in <strong>fluorinated pesticides<\/strong> &#8211; those that contain one or more fluorine atoms in their molecular structure &#8211; considered to be particularly effective in <strong>combating plant pests<\/strong>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Benefiting their antiparasitic action, in fact, is precisely their recognized chemical stability, which promotes their prolonged action while limiting the ability <strong>to<\/strong> <strong>dispose<\/strong> them. It is estimated that the half-life of some fluorurates &#8211; that is, the time it takes for their presence in the environment to be halved after spraying &#8211; can be as long as 2 1\/2 years.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"NtkwSm1kPS\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/australian-researchers-soil-remediation\/\">Australian researchers mimic plants to clean up soil<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Australian researchers mimic plants to clean up soil&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/australian-researchers-soil-remediation\/embed\/#?secret=Aa6wMbyyec#?secret=NtkwSm1kPS\" data-secret=\"NtkwSm1kPS\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A global problem<\/h5>\n<p>In 2022, a <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.2c02765\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a> by Stockholm University found that the presence of PFAS in stormwater on a global scale <strong>exceeds the safety limits<\/strong> set by several national and supranational authorities. Such as those of the United States, Denmark, the Netherlands and the European Union. And that &#8220;atmospheric deposition also leads to global soils being <strong>ubiquitously contaminated<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>New Zealand is no exception where PFAS contamination is present at <strong>military air bases and civilian airports<\/strong>, notes the University of Auckland.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;In addition to the known PFAS-contaminated locations, there are likely many more unknown sites yet to be identified through active investigation from both governmental and private entities,&#8221; said <strong>Kapish Gobindlal<\/strong>, a researcher at the University of Auckland and Environmental Decontamination Limited and co-author of the study. &#8220;We\u2019re likely just at the tip of the iceberg.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers in New Zealand are testing a solution against fluoride pollution. The technique has made it possible to degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at the molecular level with 99.9 percent efficacy<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27442,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[153,247,154,188,186,208],"class_list":["post-27439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-best-practice-en","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-pesticides","tag-research","tag-soil","tag-waste"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ball milling cleans soil of persistent fluoride<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The researchers&#039; findings assume considerable importance given the hazardous nature of these flouride-based substances\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/ball-milling-soil-fluoride\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ball milling cleans soil of persistent fluoride\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The researchers&#039; 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