{"id":26015,"date":"2023-06-06T11:00:26","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T09:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=26015"},"modified":"2023-06-15T23:50:05","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T21:50:05","slug":"mediterranean-forests-face-desertification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/mediterranean-forests-face-desertification\/","title":{"rendered":"Mediterranean forests face desertification risk"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>In the past, forests around the Mediterranean Sea partly turned into steppes within a few decades as precipitation rates changed. Today, a German research explains, this scenario could happen again<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Affected by prolonged drought phenomena, forests in the <strong>Mediterranean<\/strong> area are likely to face desertification in the near future. An event described as &#8220;likely&#8221; according to the latest <strong>climate models<\/strong>. This was suggested by a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-023-37388-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research<\/a> carried out by a group of earth scientists from the <strong>University of Heidelberg<\/strong>, Germany. Researchers studied natural fluctuations in climate and vegetation over the past 500,000 years.<\/p>\n<p>The study authors, led by researcher <strong>Andreas Koutsodendris<\/strong>, analyzed fossil pollen preserved in a sediment sample from Greece. In this way they tried to predict the consequences of human-caused climate change on ecosystems. The results of the investigation have been published in the journal Nature Communications.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"2SaUTF4HsU\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/chinese-seabuckthorn-desertification\/\">Anti-desertification Chinese sea buckthorn brings a new hope for Asia<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Anti-desertification Chinese sea buckthorn brings a new hope for Asia&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/chinese-seabuckthorn-desertification\/embed\/#?secret=G0Rglnw4bh#?secret=2SaUTF4HsU\" data-secret=\"2SaUTF4HsU\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The study<\/h5>\n<p>Scientists developed their analysis by reconstructing the reaction of Mediterranean forests to climate change in the past. To achieve this goal, the German researchers, in collaboration with colleagues from France, Greece, and the United Kingdom, took soil samples from the <strong>Tenaghi Philippon<\/strong> area using the coring method.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>This site, located in northeastern Greece, represents a genuine terrestrial <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0277379106002708\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">climate archive<\/a> in which <strong>fossil pollen grains<\/strong> are preserved intact in the soil.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;The data on vegetation development in this period gained from the pollen grains was correlated with geochemical data on contemporaneous fluctuations in <strong>precipitation<\/strong>,&#8221; says a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni-heidelberg.de\/en\/newsroom\/progressive-climate-change-desertification-threatens-mediterranean-forests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a> from the University of Heidelberg. &#8220;The results of the team led by Dr Koutsodendris show that, in the past, the Mediterranean forests <strong>transformed into steppes<\/strong> within a few decades as soon as specific precipitation thresholds were crossed.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"cYUXyWRub4\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/sand-cellulose-china-desert\/\">China is fighting desertification by adding cellulose to sand<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;China is fighting desertification by adding cellulose to sand&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/sand-cellulose-china-desert\/embed\/#?secret=X7akq3LdW2#?secret=cYUXyWRub4\" data-secret=\"cYUXyWRub4\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The transformation can happen again<\/h5>\n<p>Using ecological models, scientists reconstructed past transformations. &#8220;Our analysis documents <strong>two stable vegetation regimes<\/strong> across the wide range of <strong>CO2<\/strong> and moisture levels realized during the past four glacial-interglacial cycles,&#8221; the study states. &#8220;Our approach highlights that a CO2-driven moisture decrease in the near future may bear an impending risk for <strong>abrupt vegetation regime shifts<\/strong> prompting forest loss in the Mediterranean region.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The premise is still applicable today. With obvious consequences. &#8220;In the past, a decrease in rainfall of <strong>40 to 45 percent<\/strong> was sufficient to set off a sudden shift from forest to steppe biomes under natural,&#8221; says Koutsodendris. As a result, he adds, such a change could occur in the near future if action is not taken to protect forests.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"6fwLOJBkAJ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-transplant-regeneration\/\">Soil transplanting allows regeneration of degraded lands<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Soil transplanting allows regeneration of degraded lands&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-transplant-regeneration\/embed\/#?secret=koNTI5hQKh#?secret=6fwLOJBkAJ\" data-secret=\"6fwLOJBkAJ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Mediterranean forests provide essential ecosystem services<\/h5>\n<p>Concern about the future of Mediterranean forests, however, is also linked to the <strong>loss of the ecosystem services<\/strong> associated with them. In addition to conserving extensive biodiversity, in fact, these environments protect against soil erosion, regulate regional climate and hydrological conditions, and provide food and timber.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;In light of yet unabated <strong>anthropogenic CO2<\/strong> release, there is increasing concern on the resilience of these forest biomes to the recurring <strong>droughts<\/strong> as they are projected for the Mediterranean region in the next 70 years,&#8221; the research explains.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Also monitoring desertification risk are <a href=\"https:\/\/edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/edov2\/php\/index.php?id=1000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">periodic computations<\/a> by the Joint Research Center&#8217;s European Drought Observatory (EDO), <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/desertificazione-regioni-zona-rossa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">based on the CDI drought index<\/a>. This is obtained by combining a comparison of current and past years&#8217; rainfall (for the same period), abnormal soil moisture content, and an assessment of the impact drought has on local vegetation. The Observatory&#8217;s latest data show that <strong>21.3 percent of the EU territory<\/strong> is in an &#8220;Alert&#8221; condition and 5.6 percent is in a &#8220;Warning&#8221; situation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the past, forests around the Mediterranean Sea partly turned into steppes within a few decades as precipitation rates changed. Today, a German research explains, this scenario could happen again<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":26018,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[200,220,187,222,165,188],"class_list":["post-26015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-biodiversity","tag-carbon","tag-climate","tag-desertification","tag-forests","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mediterranean forests face desertification risk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Atmospheric CO2 affects precipitation in the Mediterranean region by impacting forests and their survival, a research suggests\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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