{"id":23324,"date":"2023-02-03T11:00:15","date_gmt":"2023-02-03T10:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/microbi-suolo-terremoto-california\/"},"modified":"2023-02-07T15:59:18","modified_gmt":"2023-02-07T14:59:18","slug":"soil-microbes-earthquake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/soil-microbes-earthquake\/","title":{"rendered":"Soil microbes are a valuable resource. Including in case of earthquake"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Nitrogen gas emitted by microbes helps stabilize soil by preventing building collapse during seismic events, US research shows. Encouraging this process means avoiding concrete injections while reducing damage to the environment<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The importance of <strong>microbes<\/strong> in maintaining soil balance is <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/soil-health-microbiomes-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">widely known<\/a>. Microorganisms, in fact, contribute to the protection of soil fertility and regulation of the <strong>carbon<\/strong> cycle in addition to shaping several other aspects that characterize the ecosystem as a whole. A list of essential functions, in short, which, according to some researchers, also include an additional and surprising ability: the protection of buildings during earthquakes.<\/p>\n<p>The hypothesis is advanced by a group of scientists from the <strong>University of California Davis<\/strong> and the <strong>University of Arizona<\/strong>. Microbes, explains a <a href=\"https:\/\/agu.confex.com\/agu\/fm22\/meetingapp.cgi\/Paper\/1122199\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> conducted by the two universities, are able to counteract soil instability. Exploiting this property, the researchers say, allow for new methods of securing that are significantly less damaging than traditional methods.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"t0nFpZSmji\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/microbes-fertilizer-price\/\">Microbes provide a solution as fertilizers get too expensive<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Microbes provide a solution as fertilizers get too expensive&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/microbes-fertilizer-price\/embed\/#?secret=tIMVyMMKBT#?secret=t0nFpZSmji\" data-secret=\"t0nFpZSmji\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Soil liquefaction<\/h5>\n<p>During earthquakes, experts recall, shaking causes what is known as &#8220;soil liquefaction.&#8221; The soil, in other words, takes on <strong>liquid-like behavior<\/strong> by losing strength and rigidity, making buildings and other structures likely to collapse. The most widely used technique to counter this phenomenon to date is <strong>permeation grouting<\/strong>, which involves injecting concrete into the ground. However, this method has several shortcomings.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The system, in fact, requires the use of <strong>a lot of water<\/strong>, a scarce resource in some seismic areas such as California, for example. And it indirectly releases a significant amount of <strong>carbon dioxide<\/strong> through the production of concrete.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Scientists have thus hypothesized the use of an alternative method: <strong>microbial desaturation<\/strong>. Whenever it is consumed by soil bacteria, the authors explain in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucdavis.edu\/blog\/nitrogen-eating-microbes-could-prevent-building-collapse-earthquakes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a statement<\/a> from the California university, <strong>nitrogen<\/strong> is released in a gaseous state and ends up filling the space between sediment grains, acting as a shock absorber when earthquakes occur. This process can be accelerated by specially injecting nitrate into the soil.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"RYNAZedkPw\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/energy-microbes-soil\/\">Researchers believe microorganisms can help us store energy in the soil<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Researchers believe microorganisms can help us store energy in the soil&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/energy-microbes-soil\/embed\/#?secret=LVobqEF71t#?secret=RYNAZedkPw\" data-secret=\"RYNAZedkPw\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The effectiveness of desaturation by microbes<\/h5>\n<p>Microbe-induced desaturation, the study notes, &#8220;is an appealing alternative to current ground improvement technologies since it can be employed underneath existing structures with <strong>minimal disturbance<\/strong>, is expected to be less resource intensive than current techniques and does not significantly alter soil properties.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>This technique, in particular, represents &#8220;an attractive alternative to permeation grouting considering <strong>environmental metrics<\/strong> (e.g., global warming potential, disturbance) and cost.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The use of desaturation, in fact, &#8220;reduces the global warming potential of the ground improvement project by 15 times and the life cycle cost of MID is <strong>less than half<\/strong> of permeation grouting.&#8221; Previous studies, conducted through field trials and modeling, the authors say, have finally shown that the method is effective in stabilizing soil for up to <strong>20 years<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"owA3JiNcK7\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/antibiotics-microbes-climate-change\/\">How livestock antibiotics affect microbes and promote climate change<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;How livestock antibiotics affect microbes and promote climate change&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/antibiotics-microbes-climate-change\/embed\/#?secret=CSwVABVE1l#?secret=owA3JiNcK7\" data-secret=\"owA3JiNcK7\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Environmental benefits<\/h5>\n<p>&#8220;Microbially induced desaturation is a more sustainable alternative to hazard mitigation: it outperforms permeation grouting across various impacts, including global warming potential and cost,&#8221; said <strong>Aisha Faruqi<\/strong>, a researcher in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of California Davis. The gas emissions released by microbes, in fact, &#8220;aare l<strong>ess than four percent<\/strong> of what is produced from permeation grouting because of grouting\u2019s heavy use of carbon- and water-intensive cement.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Unlike grouting, finally, induced desaturation uses on-site groundwater without requiring additional water resources. Concrete production, Faruqi says, requires <strong>twice the amount of water<\/strong> used in the microbial process and subtracts potable water resources.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nitrogen gas emitted by microbes helps stabilize soil by preventing building collapse during seismic events, US research shows. Encouraging this process means avoiding concrete injections while reducing damage to the environment<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23327,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[224,223,188,186,163],"class_list":["post-23324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-erosion","tag-hydrogeological-instability","tag-research","tag-soil","tag-usa-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Soil microbes are a valuable resource. 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