{"id":19909,"date":"2022-08-08T11:00:37","date_gmt":"2022-08-08T09:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=19909"},"modified":"2022-07-27T18:50:13","modified_gmt":"2022-07-27T16:50:13","slug":"somalia-deforestation-acacia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/somalia-deforestation-acacia\/","title":{"rendered":"After decades of deforestation and drought, Somalia tries to change its course"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>In Somalia, the illegal charcoal trade has encouraged deforestation and drought. A U.N. initiative now aims to restore degraded land. But food crisis remains a threat<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Somalia is trying to tackle <strong>deforestation<\/strong> with UN support, by restoring land that has been devastated by years of illegal logging and smuggling that have produced serious consequences. &#8220;The disappearance of the region\u2019s tree cover has sped <strong>soil erosion<\/strong> and robbed the land of its ability to hold water, a daunting combination in a country suffering through its <strong>worst drought in 40 years<\/strong>,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/news-and-stories\/story\/somalia-attempts-revive-lands-blighted-deforestation#:~:text=When%20farmer%20Mohamed%20Ibrahim%20Aden,the%20Somali%20village%20of%20Gobweyn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explains<\/a> UNEP, the United Nations Environment Program.<\/p>\n<p>The intervention also focuses on planting acacia, a tree which is capable to &#8220;play a pivotal role in <strong>Somalia<\/strong>\u2019s hot and arid climate&#8221;. These trees, in fact, &#8220;improve soil fertility by storing water, fixing nitrogen, a key fertilizer, and reducing surface run-off and soil erosion during the rainy season.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"poiAjq2YJA\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/costa-d-avorio-cacao-deforestazione\/\">Cocoa harvest and organized crime fuel C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire\u2019s deforestation<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Cocoa harvest and organized crime fuel C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire\u2019s deforestation&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/costa-d-avorio-cacao-deforestazione\/embed\/#?secret=oVAco9AGdO#?secret=poiAjq2YJA\" data-secret=\"poiAjq2YJA\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>War, climate change and drought<\/h5>\n<p>Acacia&#8217;s presence has declined over the years due to the illegal trade of <strong>charcoal<\/strong>, which is made from the combustion of the trunks and branches. In some areas, UNEP reminds, trees are declining at a rate of 5 percent per year, encouraging the growth of <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/drought-carbon-invertebrates-soil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drought<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;By reducing agricultural production to extremely low levels, <strong>drought<\/strong> dramatically increases the prices of essential foods such as cereals, beans, vegetables and fruits, meat and milk, generating severe food insecurity, malnutrition and even <strong>hunger and famine<\/strong>,&#8221; notes a report by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Climate change has also been contributing to exacerbate the problem in recent years. The current drought wave in the country, UNEP notes, has already led to the death of <strong>seven million livestock<\/strong>. While the supply of resources on the world market is made particularly complicated by the economic and <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/ukraine-russia-black-soil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">geopolitical<\/a> scenario. &#8220;Last year, 53 percent of the food that the World Food Programme received in Somalia came from war-torn <strong>Ukraine<\/strong> and global food prices are skyrocketing,&#8221; the UN organization says.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"mSGMyR75CE\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/luce-carbonio-africa\/\">Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/luce-carbonio-africa\/embed\/#?secret=t0093fhZeM#?secret=mSGMyR75CE\" data-secret=\"mSGMyR75CE\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Smuggling and conflict are threatening Somalia<\/h5>\n<p>The use of charcoal in Somalia is still widespread partly because of poor access to electricity. Also fueling its market, however, is demand from foreign countries: poor nations like Yemen or rich ones like Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Although exports were formally banned as early as 1969, efforts to fight the <strong>illegal trade<\/strong> have proven ineffective mainly because of the chronic instability that has characterized Somali institutions since 1991, when the bloody and and still ongoing <strong>civil war<\/strong> began.<\/p>\n<p>Launched in 2016, the Programme for Sustainable Charcoal Reduction and Alternative Livelihoods (<strong>PROSCAL<\/strong>) aims to offer support to Somali officials committed to enforcing the marketing ban. But it also encourages the development of alternative energy sources, workers&#8217; employment and the restoration of degraded soils.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"8zXIeM0Va1\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/africa-riciclo-cocco-deforestazione\/\">The story of Alhaji, the startupper who is curbing deforestation with coconut waste<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;The story of Alhaji, the startupper who is curbing deforestation with coconut waste&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/news\/africa-riciclo-cocco-deforestazione\/embed\/#?secret=aXxV52rPlR#?secret=8zXIeM0Va1\" data-secret=\"8zXIeM0Va1\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The PROSCAL program<\/h5>\n<p>The program, UNEP explains, &#8220;is designed to help make communities more resilient to threats like those, in part by tree planting.&#8221; As of today, &#8220;<strong>Two nurseries<\/strong> have been established, in Gobweyn and the village of Yontoy, in a bid to support land reclamation and provide sustainable livelihoods to villagers.&#8221; In addition to providing fuel-efficient stoves and solar panels, the initiative has enabled some 12,000 households to replace charcoal with gas in their kitchens.<\/p>\n<p>The first part of the program <strong>will end in December this year<\/strong>, and there is hope that the projects can be expanded nationwide. The Somali government has reportedly already begun discussions on this with the three agencies involved in the project: UNEP, UNDP and FAO.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Somalia, the illegal charcoal trade has encouraged deforestation and drought. A U.N. initiative now aims to restore degraded land. But food crisis remains a threat<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":19915,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[176,153,187,222,221,165],"class_list":["post-19909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-africa-en","tag-best-practice-en","tag-climate","tag-desertification","tag-food","tag-forests"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>After decades of deforestation Somalia tries to change its course<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The destruction of acacia forests is fueled by the charcoal illegal trade affecting Somalia and the foreign market\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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