{"id":19892,"date":"2022-08-05T11:00:50","date_gmt":"2022-08-05T09:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/?p=19892"},"modified":"2022-07-27T18:50:06","modified_gmt":"2022-07-27T16:50:06","slug":"us-forests-midwest-biomass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/environment\/us-forests-midwest-biomass\/","title":{"rendered":"US Midwest forests have lost 8,000 years of stockpiled biomass"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Since the end of the last ice age, the growth of forests in the west-central United States has contributed to the sequestration of 1.8 billion tons of organic carbon. The accumulated biomass has been destroyed in just 150 years<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In just a century and a half of agricultural expansion and logging, forests in the U.S. Midwest have lost the biomass accumulated over about <strong>8,000 years<\/strong> according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abk3126\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a recent study<\/a> by a pool of international researchers.<\/p>\n<p>The survey, led by <strong>Ann Raiho<\/strong>, a researcher at the <a href=\"https:\/\/essic.umd.edu\/joom2\/index.php\/about-essic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Centre<\/a> (ESSIC) at the University of Maryland, allowed for the first time to estimate changes in the variety and extent of tree cover over such a large time span. Paving the way for new discussions on conservation opportunities for forest areas and their <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/climate-forests-lost-more-carbon-tha-expected\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ability<\/a> to store organic <strong>carbon<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"scEIojSSsJ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/usa-seed-reforestation\/\">Seed shortage puts American reforestation at risk<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Seed shortage puts American reforestation at risk&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/usa-seed-reforestation\/embed\/#?secret=cvz932IG7a#?secret=scEIojSSsJ\" data-secret=\"scEIojSSsJ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>The study<\/h5>\n<p>During the investigation, which also involved scholars from the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Calgary and the U.S. Geological Survey, the authors developed a model for estimating biomass from the detection of <strong>fossil pollens<\/strong> in soil sediments. In this way, researchers <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2022-06-historical-biomass-key-buffering-climate.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">note<\/a>, it was possible to reconstruct the history of biomass over a period of 10,000 years.<\/p>\n<p>The results wer somewhat surprising. In the land under investigation- an area covering 600 thousand square kilometers in the <strong>Midwestern United States<\/strong>, a sharp increase in woody mass was found to have nearly doubled in 8 thousand years. These finding thus contradicted tprevious studies that, by using simpler estimation models, had assumed little or no change in the biomass for the past 60 centuries at least.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3IGxFD6Y380\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h5>The accumulation was wiped out in just 150 years.<\/h5>\n<p>The problem, however, is that the effects of this expansion <strong>were wiped out in a heartbeat<\/strong>. Woody biomass &#8220;took millennia to accumulate took less than two centuries to remove&#8221; the researchers explain. In just 150 years, in fact, <strong>industrial-era<\/strong> deforestation and agriculture wiped out much of the accumulation. And, in doing so, they &#8220;have erased this carbon accumulation.&#8221;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;After an initial postglacial decline, woody biomass nearly doubled during the past 8000 years, sequestering <strong>1,800 teragrams<\/strong>,&#8221; the study says.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;This steady accumulation of carbon was driven by two separate ecological responses to regionally changing climate: the spread of forested biomes and the population expansion of <strong>high-biomass tree species<\/strong> within forests.&#8221; According to the researchers, the decline that began in the second half of the 19th century has been extremely quick. &#8220;At more than 10 times the rate of aboveground woody biomass change in any century over the last 10,000 years.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"cHnS4Tiu7b\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/climate-forests-irrecoverable-carbon\/\">&#8220;Irrecoverable carbon released from forests is driving climate change&#8221;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;&#8220;Irrecoverable carbon released from forests is driving climate change&#8221;&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/climate-forests-irrecoverable-carbon\/embed\/#?secret=ZZGIssB5E2#?secret=cHnS4Tiu7b\" data-secret=\"cHnS4Tiu7b\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Major implications for the carbon cycle<\/h5>\n<p>The findings opens up new investigations into the carbon cycle in forests. And, consequently, to the development of more effective strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change. &#8220;Storage of biomass in the region was driven by the population expansion of high biomass tree species such as the Eastern Hemlock and American Beech&#8221;, researchers explain.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Once these species were established, high biomass forests were sustained regionally for millennia. This reconstruction confirms arguments that high-biomass species in old forests play important roles in <strong>carbon storage<\/strong> and should be preserved.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"cKOg5BkCJv\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/fao-global-forests-still-in-danger\/\">Deforestation slows but global forests are still in danger<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Deforestation slows but global forests are still in danger&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/fao-global-forests-still-in-danger\/embed\/#?secret=WZyzvvB2br#?secret=cKOg5BkCJv\" data-secret=\"cKOg5BkCJv\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Conservation of forests is crucial for climate mitigation<\/h5>\n<p>The issue is crucial, especially amid widespread concerns about the climate consequences of deforestation. In February, for instance, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41893-022-00854-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a study<\/a> by a team of scientists led by researchers from the Southern University of Science and Technology (<strong>SUSTech<\/strong>) in Shenzhen, China, Yu Feng and Zhenzhong Zeng, showed that carbon emissions caused by deforestation in tropical areas have grown more than previously thought. They even doubled during the 21st century.<\/p>\n<p>As of today, global forests store <a href=\"https:\/\/research.wri.org\/gfr\/biodiversity-ecological-services-indicators\/forest-carbon-stocks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">861 billion tons of carbon<\/a>. The felling of trees, of course, promotes emissions of the element that, combining with oxygen, increases the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, thus contributing to <strong>climate change<\/strong>. &#8220;Since 2000,&#8221; British newspaper The Guardian <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/feb\/28\/deforestation-emissions-far-higher-than-previously-thought-study-finds-aoe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">says<\/a>, &#8220;the world has lost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalforestwatch.org\/dashboards\/global\/?category=summary&amp;dashboardPrompts=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&amp;location=WyJnbG9iYWwiXQ%3D%3D&amp;map=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&amp;showMap=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about 10%<\/a> of its tree cover.&#8221; Although &#8220;the carbon accounting behind emissions from land still contains significant uncertainties.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Since the end of the last ice age, forest growth in the west-central United States has contributed to the sequestration of 1.8 billion tons of organic carbon. The accumulated biomass has been destroyed in just 150 years<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":19895,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,134],"tags":[220,187,165,247,188,163],"class_list":["post-19892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-articles","tag-carbon","tag-climate","tag-forests","tag-monitoraggio-en","tag-research","tag-usa-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>US Midwest forests have lost 8,000 years of stockpiled biomass<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In 8,000 years, the growth of forests in America Midwest has led to the sequestration of 1.8 billion tons of carbon\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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