{"id":10901,"date":"2021-10-26T11:00:21","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T09:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/articles\/luce-carbonio-africa\/"},"modified":"2021-10-26T19:48:24","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T17:48:24","slug":"light-carbon-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/light-carbon-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>In Malawi, a $400 calibrated reflectometer has allowed to record the carbon concentration in soil. A key step for better managing agricultural land<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">by Matteo Cavallito<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Carbon content is crucial for <a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/agricultural-industry\/crea-emissions-soil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soil productivity<\/a>. Its accurate determination, moreover, is the starting point for a proper land management. Which means selecting the right nutrients and irrigation strategies. And, more in general, making the right decisions in <strong>calibrating all the factors<\/strong> that contribute to <strong>agricultural yield <\/strong>increase. This process, however, can be very expensive and unaffordable for smallholders. In order to solve the problem, a team of researchers has tried to develop an alternative low cost method. And the results, released in recent months, look very promising.<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"AvCUP8RGzs\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/sustainable-soil-carbon-offesetting\/\">Well managed soil can offset as much as 34% of agricultural emissions<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Well managed soil can offset as much as 34% of agricultural emissions&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/sustainable-soil-carbon-offesetting\/embed\/#?secret=AvCUP8RGzs\" data-secret=\"AvCUP8RGzs\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>Chasing carbon? Just follow the light<\/h5>\n<p>The investigation, conducted in <strong>Sub-Saharan Africa<\/strong> by a group of scientists led by <strong>Soil Science Society of America<\/strong> researcher and Michigan State University professor <strong>Sieglinde Snapp<\/strong>, tested the efficacy of a simple and cheap device: a $400 <strong>portable reflectometer<\/strong>. This instrument measures the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reflectance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reflectance<\/a> of a surface. The result, when properly calibrated with other parameters, can also show some chemical and physical properties of a substance. Including carbon content.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_10840\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10841\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/africa-carbonio.jpg\" alt=\"Mappa dei siti di studio nel Malawi centrale e meridionale. L'asse a destra indica la scala di concentrazione del carbonio nello strato superficiale del suolo (fino a 20 cm di profondit\u00e0). In rosso i confini dei distretti studiati. I poligoni blu indicano i villaggi campionati. Dai villaggi evidenziati in blu scuro provengono i campioni analizzati nei test di convalida. Immagine: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)\" width=\"1000\" height=\"751\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/africa-carbonio.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/africa-carbonio-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/africa-carbonio-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/africa-carbonio-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10840\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of study sites in central and southern Malawi. The base layer is AfSIS estimated organic C in the top 20 cm of soil. Districts studied are labeled and outlined in red. Blue polygons denote villages sampled, dark blue villages were reserved as a validation dataset. Image: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>\u201cThe reflectometer <strong>predicted carbon levels precisely<\/strong>\u201d<\/h5>\n<p>&#8220;Selected study sites were located across sixteen villages in <strong>central and southern Malawi<\/strong>,&#8221; the <a href=\"https:\/\/acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/saj2.20263\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">authors say<\/a>. Data collected by the reflectometer on hundreds of soil samples were placed in relation to other parameters such as &#8220;ambient temperature, moisture, barometric pressure, and global positioning system.&#8221; Later, numbers were compared with the amount of carbon recorded through the so-called <strong>combustion method<\/strong>, a <a href=\"https:\/\/anlab.ucdavis.edu\/analysis\/Soils\/322\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proven system<\/a> for calculating the concentration of the element in the soil.<\/p>\n<p>The test was successful: &#8220;We found that the reflectometer <strong>predicted soil carbon levels precisely<\/strong>,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.soils.org\/news\/science-news\/improving-soil-carbon-measurements-empowers-african-farmers?utm_source=twitter&amp;utm_medium=96da4756-97a1-41ab-af27-58908d2430b9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explained<\/a> Sieglinde Snapp. &#8220;It gave sufficient accuracy to inform soil management practices. What is unique about this handheld sensor is that the provides the data directly in the field, in the absence of a good phone connection.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='avia-iframe-wrap'>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"1fF4Tivs5q\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/restoration-stewards-ecosystems\/\">Forests, peatlands, and drylands wait for their &#8220;restoration ambassadors&#8221;<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Forests, peatlands, and drylands wait for their &#8220;restoration ambassadors&#8221;&#8221; &#8212; Re Soil Foundation\" src=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/articles\/restoration-stewards-ecosystems\/embed\/#?secret=1fF4Tivs5q\" data-secret=\"1fF4Tivs5q\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h5>A step forward on the road to food security<\/h5>\n<p>In Sub-Saharan Africa, the researchers say, the implications of the study are especially relevant. \u201cWith minimal training, extension staff can use the reflectometer to carry out <strong>assessment of soil carbon<\/strong> in real time with farmers in their field,\u201d says Snapp. \u201cThis represents a significant step forward in <strong>improving agronomic management<\/strong> in data-poor locations. Access to such immediate and locally relevant soil data can empower Malawian farmers to make more informed management decisions based on their unique contexts.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And what&#8217;s more, the use of the reflectometer allow to &#8220;to predict <strong>fertilizer responsiveness<\/strong> based on a C threshold.&#8221; Which is really important since &#8220;soils in this region vary greatly in characteristics and their fertility is highly sensitive to management,&#8221; Snapp says. For farms operating on degraded land with limited resources restoring productivity is &#8220;a major policy goal&#8221; on the road to <strong>food security<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Malawi, a $400 calibrated reflectometer has allowed to record the carbon concentration in soil. A key step for better managing agricultural land<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":10922,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,134],"tags":[176,190,220,237,188],"class_list":["post-10901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-innovation-technology","category-articles","tag-africa-en","tag-agriculture","tag-carbon","tag-organic-matter","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A study in Malawi has shown that a calibrated reflectometer can accurately measure soil carbon concentration.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/light-carbon-africa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A study in Malawi has shown that a calibrated reflectometer can accurately measure soil carbon concentration.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/light-carbon-africa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Re Soil Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/resoilfoundation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-26T09:00:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-26T17:48:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/malawi-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"850\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"638\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@re_soil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matteo Cavallito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/light-carbon-africa\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/light-carbon-africa\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matteo Cavallito\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe\"},\"headline\":\"Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-26T09:00:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-26T17:48:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/light-carbon-africa\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":548,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/en\\\/innovation-technology\\\/light-carbon-africa\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/resoilfoundation.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/malawi-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa\",\"agriculture\",\"carbon\",\"organic matter\",\"research\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Innovation &amp; 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Photo: USAID Free to use CC0"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/innovation-technology\/light-carbon-africa\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Low cost technology helps African farmers to measure carbon in soil"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/","name":"Re Soil Foundation","description":"Regeneration for a clean and healthy soil.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/9deaff5320c99714a3a7944e4b7c8fbe","name":"Matteo Cavallito","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c7ad3564d1d468ebc05c214ebb7daa3896f03a92bba6c6d1a4125e390739f725?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Matteo Cavallito"},"url":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/author\/matteo\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10901"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10901\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10931,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10901\/revisions\/10931"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resoilfoundation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}